大功率机车车轮材料滑动摩擦磨损的试验研究  

Sliding Friction and Wear Characteristics of Newly Developed High-Power Locomotive Wheel Steels

作　　者：温鹏[1] 单际国[1] 曹志晓[1] 张斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [2]中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《钢铁研究学报》2011年第11期41-46,共6页Journal of Iron and Steel Research

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划重大课题资助项目(2009J016)

摘　　要：车轮短时间的滑行会带来剧烈的摩擦磨损。为了研究大功率机车车轮材料耐滑动摩擦磨损性能,利用SRV摩擦磨损试验机对3种新型车轮材料J1、J2、J3进行室温及高温条件下的滑动摩擦磨损试验,通过三维白光干涉表面形貌仪对磨痕的三维形貌进行记录和测量,比较了3种材料的摩擦磨损特点和耐磨性能;测试了车轮材料的力学性能,利用显微硬度对摩擦表面进行分析,结合材料的化学成分和力学性能,讨论了3种新型车轮材料在不同温度条件下的摩擦磨损特点和机制。常温条件下,J1为磨粒磨损;J2以磨粒磨损为主,并有轻微疲劳磨损;J3为磨粒磨损、疲劳磨损共存;J2的耐磨性最好,J3次之,J1最差。高温条件下,3种车轮材料的摩擦磨损量差别不大,磨痕表面硬度很高的亮白相对其磨损机制有较大影响。The short time sliding can cause severe friction and wear to the high-power locomotive wheels.In order to investigate the resistance property to sliding friction and wear for the three newly developed high-power locomotive wheel steels J1,J2 and J3,SRV friction-wear test machine was used to carry out sliding friction and wear test at room temperature and high temperatures.The surface morphology of wear scar was recorded and measured by a three dimensional scanning white-light interfering profilometer.The sliding friction and wear characteristics and the resistance property of were compared among the three steels.The mechanical properties of three steels and the micro hardness in wear scar were measured.By combining the chemical compositions and mechanical properties,the sliding friction and wear characteristic and mechanism at different temperatures were discussed.In room temperature,J1 wheel steel shows abrasive wear,J2 shows abrasive wear as well as some slight fatigue wear;J3 shows both the two wear characteristics;for wear resistance,it shows J2J3J1.In high temperature,the three wheel steels show little difference in wear extent,while the wear mechanism is hugely influenced by the bright phase with high micro hardness in the surface of wear scar.

关 键 词：机车车轮 摩擦 磨损 高温摩擦磨损 摩擦磨损试验 

分 类 号：U260.33[机械工程—车辆工程]