明代《大河外科》作者、成书年代及版本考  

Author, date and editions of Dahe Waike in the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：蒲小兰[1] 张毅[2] 杨文宇[3] 吴亚梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第四院皮肤科,成都610041 [2]四川省中医药科学院,成都 610041 [3]西华大学生物工程学院,成都610039

出　　处：《中华医史杂志》2011年第6期356-362,共7页Chinese Journal of Medical History

基　　金：基金项目：国家中医药管理局中医药古籍保护与利用能力建设项目（2010GJ09）

摘　　要：明代王拳所撰《大河外科》为图文并茂的中医外科专著，国内，且在其他医药古籍中鲜见提及，20世纪末发现的藏于13本国立公文书馆内阁文库（050—0004号藏本，Ⅰ）的《大河外科》万历三十八年（1610）刊本曾一度被视作孤本，学术价值极高。该书的其他名称、作者里贯、成书年代及版本传承情况等均疑而未详。经深入考察表明：①该书有一别名为《回生外科医方》，其正文内容与《大河外科》完全相同；②“大河”乃系明代驻兵地区“大河卫”之简称，位于古黄河流域自今江苏淮安市楚州区河下镇至古云梯关遗址一带；③王拳撰成该书的时间约为永乐五年（1407）；④该书在传其子孙六世的过程中，被增辑有明弘治、正德年间才出现的杨梅疮等内容；⑤《大河外科》现存9个版本，版本渊源关系已基本清晰。这些发现对于更好地研究和利用该书的学术价值很有意义。Written by WANG Quan in the Ming Dynasty, Dahe Waike is a TCM surgery monograph with both figures and texts. Barely mentioned in other medical works, the edition published in the 38^th year of the Wanli Period （1610） and held in the National Archives of Japan （No. 050 -0004 I） has been taken as a unique work of great value. Other names of the book, the author＇ s birthplace, the time of writing and the continuation of editions of the book were still unknown. Our study shows that ： one of the other names of the book is Huisheng Waike Yifang, which has exactly the same content as Dahe Waike;Dahe is the abbreviation of Dahewei which was the site of the garrison troops in the Ming Dynasty and is located in Yellow River Basin （from Hexia County, Chuzhou District, Huaian City, Jiangsu Province to the Yuntiguan Site） ; the book was completed in the 5^th year of the Yongle Period （ 1407 ） ; contents about Yangmeichuang were added in the book in later years （first recorded in the Hongzhi and Zhengde Periods） ; there are now 9 editions and the relationship of those editions is almost clear. Those results are of great value for research and use of the book.

关 键 词：大河外科 王拳 回生外科医方 

分 类 号：K24[历史地理—历史学] G2[历史地理—中国史] R[文化科学]