江苏省一次重霾污染天气的特征和机理分析  

Analysis on the characteristics and mechanism of a heavy haze episode in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：朱佳雷[1] 王体健[1] 邢莉[1] 穆青[1] 周德荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2011年第12期1943-1950,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：教育部大学生创新实验计划;国家"973"项目(2010CB428503;2011CB403406);气象行业专项(GYHY200806001);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金

摘　　要：利用PM10,SO2,O3,NH3,NOx,CO等6种大气成分浓度数据、常规气象观测数据和天气图资料,结合HYSPLIT4后向轨迹模式,对2008年10月28～30日发生在江苏省的一次大面积重霾污染天气的特征和成因进行了综合分析.结果表明,此次重霾污染天气过程观测到的PM10,NOx,CO最大地面浓度分别达到0.553,0.170,2.738mg/m3,水平能见度达到1km以下.其中城市中CO和NOx浓度较郊区高,而SO2和O3则较低.该污染事件与大范围秋收秸秆集中燃烧,造成大量污染物排放有密切关系.平稳的高空环流形势、暖平流、地面高压场分布为重霾污染天气的发生、发展提供了有利的气象条件,地面表现为稳定的大气层结、静小风和低湿环境,非常不利于污染物的扩散.后向轨迹计算分析表明,造成此次重霾污染天气的气团主要来自河南中东部、苏北和安徽等重要产粮地区,长距离输送对区域霾污染产生重要影响.Jiangsu Province experienced a serious haze event during the period of October 27-30, 2008. The API （air pollution index） of the main 13 cities in the province increased sharply during the period. Here, we reported a study of exploring the pollution characteristic and the mechanism of this haze event with emphasizing the concentrations variation of polluting components, the synoptic operation and the source of the heavy haze event. The analysis was conducted by combining the data of concentrations of PM10, SO2, 03, NH3, NOx, and CO collected in Pukou （i.e., an observational station in the suburb area） and Gaochang Gate （i.e., an observational station in the urban area）, some other conventional observation meteorological data, and the track analysis of the HYSPLIT4 model. Our analysis showed that the concentrations of PM10, NO, and CO were positively correlated with the occurrence and development of the haze event, while the concentration of NH3 had no significant correlation with the haze event. The comparison of the data from these two observation stations （i.e., Pukou and Gaochang Gate） showed that the concentrations of SO2 and 03 were much lower in the urban area than those in the suburb area because SO2 was easily oxidized during the period of transmission and the convergence of 03 occurred in the urban area. In addition, we found that the concentrations of CO, NOx were much higher in the urban area than in the suburb area due to the huge amount of motor vehicles emission. Furthermore, the Heat Island Effect in the city made the atmospheric stratification steady at night and reduces the diffusion of pollutants. There was a northwestern flow behind the trough line at the pressure level of 500 mbar in the area of Jiangsu Province, so there was no precipitation event in this area. Steady circumfluence and warm advection before the ridge warms the middle atmosphere and hence made the haze event last a long time during a large region. On the other hand, there was a weak high pressure at the surface

关 键 词：霾 秸秆燃烧 大气污染 气象条件 轨迹分析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]