老年脑卒中患者医院获得性肺炎特点及危险因素分析  

Characteristics and risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia in elderly stroke patients

作　　者：谷素洁[1] 曾明[1] 石晓磊[1] 印红梅[1] 杨荣丽[2] 杨峰[3] 崔哲[1] 段颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第211医院干部病房,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]解放军第211医院感染控制科,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [3]解放军第211医院检验科,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2011年第23期4944-4946,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨老年脑卒中患者医院获得性肺炎(HAP)的特点和危险因素。方法对202例住院的老年脑卒中患者发生医院获得性肺炎特点及危险因素进行回顾性分析。结果 202例老年脑卒中患者中发生HAP 54例,感染率为26.7%,例次感染率为49.0%;病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,分离得到革兰阴性菌42株,占61.8%;住院时间>30d、抗菌药物滥用及有侵入性操作的老年脑卒中患者HAP发生率明显高于住院时间≤30d、无抗菌药物滥用及无侵入性操作患者,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年脑卒中患者是HAP高发人群,住院时间长、侵入性操作及滥用抗菌药物等是HAP的危险因素,故积极采取综合防范措施,减少危险因素,是降低HAP发生率的关键。OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of hospital-acquired pneumonia（HAP） in elderly stroke patients. METHODS A retrospective study was performed on the characteristics and risk factors of HAP in 202 elderly stroke patients. RESULTS Of 202 elderly stroke patients,54 patients got the HAP,the incidence rate was 26.7%,the case-time rate was 49.0%.The percentage of HAP was 30.1% among total nosocomial infection patients during the same period.The main pathogens were Gram-negatives（61.8%）.The incidence rate of HAP was higher in elderly stroke patients with long-term hospitalization,antibiotics abuse and various invasive operations than the patients with short-term hospitalization,no use of antibiotics and invasive operations with statistical difference. CONCLUSION HAP has still a high incidence rate in elderly stroke patients and the main risk factors are long-term hospitalization,antibiotics abuse and various invasive operations.Taking comprehensive precaution measures positively to reduce the risk factors is the key to decrease the incidence rate of HAP.

关 键 词：老年脑卒中患者 医院获得性肺炎 危险因素 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]