近代区域暴动与城市变迁——以小刀会起义为个案  

Regional Riot and Urban Trasition in Modern China: the Case of Small Swords Uprising

作　　者：周武[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院历史所

出　　处：《社会科学》2011年第12期142-152,共11页Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：就性质而言,小刀会起义不过是一次区域性的城市暴动,并不具有全局性影响,但在上海城市变迁的历史上,其影响却不可小觑。这种影响主要体现在:一、它引发了上海近代历史上第一次大规模的难民潮,此前的"华洋分居"一变而为"华洋杂处";二、"华洋杂处"以后,界内秩序大乱,于是而有《上海土地章程》的修订,工部局和公董局的次第设立,以及租界内的市政管理体制和社会治安体制的构建;三、它促成了上海城市格局的变化,此后"租界日盛","北市"(租界)迅速取代"南市"(老城厢)成为上海城市的中心;四、上海客籍移民构成发生剧烈的变化,江浙商民逐渐取代开埠初期的闽广商民,成为上海移民的主体。小刀会起义后,上海一跃而为"全中国最发达、最有生气的城市"。The Small Swords Uprising was essentially a regional urban riot without national consequence. However, it was significant in the historical transition of the city of Shanghai. Firstly, it brought about the first wave of refugees in the history of Shanghai in the modern era. As a result, the segregation between native Chinese and foreign sojourners was broken. Secondly, the native Chinese poured into the Foreign Concessions, which challenged the order of the latter and hence precipitated Land Regulations of 1854, the Shanghai Municipal Council, La Municipalit6 Franqaise de Shanghai among other institutions of administration and public security. Thirdly, it brought about the physical change of Shanghai, namely the replacement of ＇ Nanshi＇ （ old city of Shanghai） by ＇ Beishi＇ （Concessions） as the new urban center. Fourthly, the demographic composition of migrants in Shanghai changed radically, namely the replacement of people from Minnan and Guangdong by people from Jiangsu and Zhejiang as the majority of migrants. Soon after the Small Swords Uprising, Shanghai rose as the ＇ most prosperous and robust city in China＇.

关 键 词：小刀会起义 华洋杂处 城市变迁 

分 类 号：K254.42[历史地理—历史学] K928.5[历史地理—中国史]