一种M^2发N^2收MIMO雷达平面阵列及其三维成像方法  

A type of M^2-transmitter N^2-receiver MIMO radar array and 3D imaging theory

作　　者：朱宇涛[1] 粟毅[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学电子科学与工程学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《中国科学：信息科学》2011年第12期1495-1506,共12页Scientia Sinica(Informationis)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:60602022);国防基础科研项目(批准号:A2820061305)资助

摘　　要：具有二维合成孔径的宽带雷达阵列可实现对飞行目标的单次快拍实时三维成像,然而,这需要超乎实际的天线阵元,且当发射信号频率很高时,天线阵元间隔难以满足空间采样定律,造成方位分辨率的下降.本文提出了一种M2发N2收的MIMO雷达平面阵列,它可通过MIMO技术等效成具有(MN)2个阵元的均匀矩形阵列,实现对空中目标的实时三维成像.该MIMO雷达阵列还与ISAR技术相结合,利用ISAR的时间采样来替代实际阵元的空间采样,进一步减少实际天线阵元个数,同时也能增加采样密度,使采样间隔满足采样定律.本文基于该MIMO雷达阵列的实时三维成像模型和MIMO-ISAR三维成像模型均进行了推导和论证,仿真实验也验证了其有效性.With two-dimensional synthetic apertures, a wideband radar array can realize 3D imaging of air targets, but this needs large numbers of antenna elements. Furthermore, when the transmitting frequency is very high, the interval of array elements makes it hard to fit the available space, which makes the imaging resolution worse. This paper proposes a type of M2-transmitter N2-receiver multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） radar, which is equivalent to a rectangular radar array with （MN）2 T/R antenna elements based on phase center approximation theory, and which can realize the 3D imaging of air targets. Corresponding 3D imaging theory and MIMO inverse synthetic aperture radar （MIMO-ISAR） 3D imaging theory are also proposed in this paper, and two simulations are given to show their validity.

关 键 词：MIMO技术 三维 成像 相位中心近似 逆合成孔径雷达 

分 类 号：TN957.52[电子电信—信号与信息处理]