兼顾地方、合理比较——蔡京盐法改革的反面启示  

Reasonably: Reflections on the Cai Jing's Reforms of Salt Law

作　　者：杨小敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]天水师范学院文史学院,甘肃天水741001

出　　处：《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第5期144-149,164,共6页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区项目<北宋后期的政治变动及其影响研究>(批准号:10XJA770007);甘肃省教育厅项目<北宋后期的政治变动及其影响研究>(批准号:1008-06)

摘　　要：蔡京当政期间,实行钞盐制,加强对食盐流通各环节严格缜密的管理,最大限度地增加了盐利收入。从制度的层面上讲,蔡京盐法是"完善"的。但是,从对边防、对地方州县和对广大百姓的影响看,则不尽然。改革导致了边备废弛、地方经费拮据和对百姓盘剥的加重。蔡京盐法改革的启示是:政府政策的出台,必须兼顾中央和地方,统筹安排;在某些制度推行中,评比、奖惩措施必不可少,但"度"的把握非常重要。否则,只会得到适得其反的结果。While Cai Jing was in power,the Song Dynasty carried the monetary system on salt.The system strengthened the management of salt circulation and increased maximally the income of salt profits.From the perspective of the institutional level,Cai Jing's salt law was 'perfect'.But with regard to the frontier defence,the interests of the local governments and the ordinary people,the situation was different.Cai's reforms led to the relaxation of the frontier defence,the difficulty of the local finance and the exacerbation of exploiting the ordinary people.There were several reflections on the Cai Jing's reforms of salt law.The new policy must arrange and consider both the interests of the central and the local governments.In the course of implementing the system,rewards and penalties were both considered.It was very important to know the moderation.Otherwise the result was not expected as usual.

关 键 词：蔡京 盐法改革 利益分配 适度性 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]