临安山核桃主产区土壤pH值和有效养分的时空变化  

Temporal and spatial variation of soil pH and nutrient availability for Carya cathayensis orchards in Lin'an

作　　者：张春苗[1,2,3] 张有珍 姚芳[1,2] 张圆圆[1,2] 窦春英[1,5] 叶正钱[1,2,3] 胡国良 黄坚钦[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江临安311300 [2]浙江农林大学环境与资源学院,浙江临安311300 [3]浙江农林大学亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室培育基地,浙江临安311300 [4]浙江省临安市林业科学研究所,浙江临安311300 [5]安徽省宁国市农业委员会,安徽宁国242300

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2011年第6期845-849,共5页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：浙江省科学技术重点项目(2007C12023);浙江农林大学科学研究发展基金资助项目(2005FR053)

摘　　要：于2007-2008年在山核桃Carya Cathayensis主产区临安市岛石镇开展了山核桃林地周年土壤pH值和土壤有效养分状况的动态监测和调查研究。结果表明:随着山核桃的生长和施肥,易于变化的土壤肥力指标表现出明显的季节性动态波动。其中:从早春3月到山核桃果实成熟期(9月)土壤pH值下降明显;不同山核桃林地之间土壤pH值和土壤有效氮磷钾养分水平差异巨大。它们的变幅为:土壤pH 4.6～8.2,土壤有效氮、有效磷、有效钾分别为50.8～236.2 mg.kg-1,0.5～40.6 mg.kg-1,24.8～391.0 mg.kg-1。由于农户之间施肥管理水平不一,导致土壤pH值和养分状况很大的差异,部分山核桃林地土壤酸化严重,土壤养分不平衡现象普遍。建议根据土壤养分的实际情况,平衡施肥,保障山核桃产业稳步发展。Carya cathayensis（Chinese hickory） is a popular nut food tree species in China.To examine soil pH and nutrient availability changes with growing seasons as well as variation in different C.cathayensis orchards established in limestone soils,a 1-year field monitoring study was conducted from March 2007 to March 2008.Surface soil samples were collected from 21 orchards in March（before sprouting）,July（fruit enlargement） and September（fruit maturity）,2007,and in March（before sprouting）,2008,and soil pH,available nitrogen（N）,available phosphorus（P）,and available potassium（K） were analyzed.Results showed ranges of 4.6-8.2 for soil pH,50.8-236.2 mg·kg-1 for available N,0.5-40.6 mg·kg-1 for available P,and 24.8-391.0 mg·kg-1 for available K.These large ranges for the results indicated that soil properties varied greatly between orchards and changed remarkably with growth seasons as well.Furthermore,over 40% of the soils with pH below 6 and great higher soil available N than soil available P and soil available K in most of the soils indicated that acute soil acidification and imbalance of soil nutrients could be a problem due to long-term intensive management.Thus,there is an urgent need to optimize soil management of C.cathayensis orchards to improve soil conditions for sustainable production.

关 键 词：土壤学 石灰岩土壤 土壤有效养分 土壤酸化 土壤养分平衡 山核桃 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]