等渗透势干旱、盐、碱胁迫下枣和酸枣叶片气体交换的响应  

Leaf Gas Exchange Characteristics of Chinese Jujube and Sour Date Under Iso-osmotic Drought,Salt and Alkaline Stresses

作　　者：徐呈祥[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]肇庆学院生命科学学院,肇庆526061 [2]南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院,南京210037

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2011年第6期18-23,共6页South China Fruits

基　　金：江苏省高等学校自然科学研究计划(KJD06210063);中国博士后科学基金(20070411057)资助

摘　　要：对等渗透势不同种类胁迫(干旱、盐、碱),枣和酸枣叶片气体交换均表现为比较相似的响应。与对照相比,历经60天的干旱、盐或碱胁迫后,5个枣品种及酸枣叶片气体交换响应总体表现为光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、水分利用效率(WUE)、气孔导度(Gs)及气孔限制值(Ls)降低,胞间CO2浓度(Ci)增大,但品种、处理、参数间差异明显:Pn减小幅度最大,Ls减小幅度最小;抗逆性强的品种降幅明显较小,以酸枣变幅最小,次为大瓜枣,金丝小枣变幅中等,冬枣、梨枣、泗洪大枣的这些参数的稳定性明显较低,诸参数的响应特性与枣品种综合抗逆性基本一致;碱胁迫的抑制效应大于干旱胁迫或盐胁迫,但相同渗透势下,干旱或盐、碱胁迫间叶片气体交换同一参数的差异不大,尤其渗透势降至-1.15MPa差异更小;在同类胁迫下,渗透势为-1.15MPa对气体交换的影响明显大于-0.30MPa。Leaf gas exchange of Chinese jujube and sour date showed similar response to drought,salt and alkaline stresses under iso-osmotic potential.Compared with control,leaf photosynthetic rate（Pn）,transpiration rate（Tr）,photosynthesis of water use efficiency（WUE）,stomatal conductance（Gs） and stomatal limitation（Ls） of the 6 tested materials under drought,salt or alkaline stresses for 60 d decreased while leaf intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci） increased generally.However,the differences between varieties,treatments and parameters were significant： Pn decreased mostly and Ls decreased the least;the minimum change degree of the six photosynthetic parameters was sour date,next was daguazao,and Jinsixiaozao change ranged medium,but the stability of these indexes for Dongzao,Lizao and Sihongdazao was significantly lower,and response characeristics of the tested materials were accordant with their stress resistances.Differences of the same parameter of leaf gas exchange under drought,salt or alkaline stress with iso-osmotic potential were small,especially with osmotic potential of-1.15 MPa.Effects of osmotic potential of-1.15 Mpa on the leaf gas exchange was significantly obvious than that of-0.30 Mpa under the same kind of stress.

关 键 词：枣 酸枣 等渗胁迫 抗逆性 叶片气体交换 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]