“同盟困境”视野下的美韩中立国监察委员会争端(1954—1956)  

The Dispute over Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission between U.S.and ROK in the Perspective of "Alliance Dilemma"(1954—1956)

作　　者：梁志[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学冷战国际史研究中心,上海200241

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2011年第6期44-49,150,共6页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地项目"冷战起源研究"(项目批准号:08JJDGJW261);北京市教育委员会社科计划重点项目;北京市哲学社会科学规划项目"国际关系史史料的整理与研究"(一期)(项目批准号:SZ201010028010)的资助

摘　　要：1953年以后,苏联积极寻求与资本主义国家"和平共处",东西方关系一度缓和。李承晚担心美国会为了追求和平而"抛弃"韩国,于是挑起了中立国监察委员会争端,以制造紧张局势。艾森豪威尔政府认为韩国的单边行动很可能使美国受到"牵连",被迫卷入一场冲突。为防止李承晚擅自行事,美国采取了压抚并用的策略。最终,"联合国军"司令部将中立国监察委员会成员驱逐出韩国,争端得以解决。此次争端表明,美韩同盟内部难以建立起互信关系的主要原因在于:美国往往从亚洲乃至全球的角度审视朝鲜问题,不愿受到韩国单边行动的"牵连";韩国则总是从自身安全出发看待美国的全球和亚洲政策,担心被美国忽略甚至"抛弃"。The new leaders of Soviet Union actively called for peaceful coexistence with capitalist countries after 1953,and there was a relaxation of tensions between East and West.Syngman Rhee worried that U.S.would abandon the Republic of Korea,as a price of buying peace.Therefore,he provoked a dispute over the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission to create tension.The Eisenhower Administration believed that unilateral actions by ROK most likely started hostilities which would get U.S.involved.For this reason,U.S.used tactics of appeasement and pressure against Rhee.On June 9,1956,the U.N.command removed the NNSC personnel from ROK and the dispute was settled.The dispute over NNSC between U.S.and ROK tells us that the main reason for U.S.-ROK crisis of confidence is the difference between global considerations of the U.S.and local considerations of the ROK.The U.S.often examines closely the Korean Peninsula problem from an Asian or even global angle,and isn't willing to be entrapped by unilateral actions of ROK,and the ROK always judges U.S.global and Asian policies on the basis of its national security interests and worries about being ignored or even abandoned by U.S.

关 键 词：美国 韩国 中立国监察委员会 抛弃 牵连 

分 类 号：K153[历史地理—历史学]