地铁侧式车站列车火灾排烟模拟研究  

Numerical analysis on smoke control of train fire in a side-platform metro station

作　　者：钟茂华[1] 史聪灵[1] 胥旋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国安全生产科学研究院交通安全研究所,北京100012

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2011年第11期9-13,共5页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51074143;91024014;91024022)资助

摘　　要：利用火灾动力学模拟方法,对地下一层地铁侧式车站列车火灾的烟气蔓延规律和排烟效果进行了模拟研究。首先生成了地铁车站的三维模型,基于通风排烟系统的事故运行方案,对列车火灾烟气扩散过程、气流组织模式和烟气参数进行了计算模拟。模拟表明:排烟系统启动后,中间隧道的两端向内形成了大于5m/s的流速,屏蔽门处流速为站台流入隧道,可有效阻碍烟气进入站台区域,烟气排放主要通过车站轨顶风口排放,烟气在500s左右进入站台,排烟系统有效减缓烟气在站台的下降时间,为列车内乘客疏散提供了可用的安全疏散时间。By fire dynamical modeling,the pattern of smoke spread and control efficiency of train fire in a side-platform metro station is simulated.First the tree dimensional model of the metro station is built,under the operation of accident mode of the ventilation and exhaust system,the smoke spread,air flow pattern and other smoke parameters are calculated.The simulation shows after the operation of the smoke exhaust system,5 m/s of incurrent velocity is formed in the middle tunnel,the flow direction at the open screen door is from the platform to the tunnel to efficiently prevent the smoke entering the platform,the smoke is mainly extracted by the ceiling vent of the track the smoke enters the platform at 500s,the exhaust system efficiently slow down the descending of the smoke in the platform to provide available safety egress time for the passenger in train.

关 键 词：地铁侧式车站 列车火灾 排烟 模拟 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]