TRMM降水资料在青藏高原的适用性分析  

Applicability Analysis of TRMM Precipitation Estimates in Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：郝振纯[1] 童凯[1,2] 张磊磊[1,2] 段小兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100085

出　　处：《水文》2011年第5期18-23,共6页Journal of China Hydrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40830639);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB951101);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2010B13814)

摘　　要：利用32个观测台站降水资料,在江河源区以均方根误差(Nrmse)、相对误差(BIAS)和相关系数等指标对TRMM降水数据精度进行了评估。结果表明,TRMM降水数据有较好的适用性,与观测数据相比误差在偏负10%以内,在月时间尺度上两者相关系数达到0.9以上。把TRMM数据应用到整个青藏高原,给出了整个高原1998～2009年降水的年均、季均、月均空间分布。降水从东南向西北逐渐递减,东南部年降水量达到1000mm/a,而西北部仅为200mm/a左右,特别是北缘低于100mm/a;降水主要集中在5～9月,冬季降水很少。Satellite Retrievals precipitation estimates with high spatial and temporal resolution and large area coverage provide a potential alternative in regions where conventional precipitation measurements are not readily available.Precipitation gauge stations are very sparse in the Tibetan Plateau（TP） mainly because of high elevations,complex topography and severe weather,especially in the western part of the plateau.In this study,the performance of TRMM precipitation estimates was evaluated over the source region of Yangtze and Yellow River basins where there is relatively dense station coverage.The TRMM data show plausible performance on monthly scales over source region basins with strong correlations with the gauge estimates（R20.90） and low bias of less than 10%.Then exhibiting the spatial patterns of mean annual,seasonal and monthly precipitation from TRMM over the TP.There is a decreasing trend of precipitation from southeast to northwest,and precipitation peaks in summer over most of the southeastern region.The rainfall can reach 1000mm/a in the southeast and lower than 200mm/a in northwest.Most of the precipitation falls in summer and less in winter.

关 键 词：降水 TRMM 青藏高原 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]