温光条件对光不敏感春性小麦穗发育的影响  

Effect of Temperature and Photoperiod on Ear Differentiation of Spring Wheat

作　　者：马建华[1] 姚琴[1] 张彭良[2] 刘燕[1] 陈静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,四川成都610041 [2]成都农业科技职业学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2011年第5期940-943,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30871527);国家转基因植物研究与产业化开发专项(2009ZX08009-010B;2009ZX08002-003B);中国科学院院地合作项目;四川省作物育种攻关项目

摘　　要：为了解温光条件对光不敏感春性小麦穗分化的影响,在生长箱的可控试验条件下,调查了小麦开花期,并对幼穗发育的解剖学结构进行了观察。结果表明,在24℃和15℃的高、低生长温度下,16 h长日照均显著促进小麦的穗分化发育,8 h短日照则严重抑制穗发育,且高温进一步加剧短日照的抑制效应。在满足春化作用的前提下,日照长度是影响穗分化发育的主要因素。长日照下高温对小麦穗分化启动以后的穗发育速度有较强的促进作用,但品种间开花对温度的敏感性存在明显差异。川育12穗分化对温度的敏感性更强,在不同温光处理条件下穗发育进度均明显快于对照新春9号。In a growth chamber experiment,two photoperiod-insensitive spring wheat cultivars were used to study the influence of temperature and photoperiod on the ear development.The results showed that 16 h photoperiod promoted ear differentiation remarkably under either 24℃ or 15℃ temperature conditions.Conversely,8 h photoperiod severely inhibited ear differentiation,which was further aggravated by relative high temperature.The photoperiod became the major factor affecting ear development when vernalization requirement was met.Longer photoperiod,especially when combined with a high temperature,promoted the stage of ear development after ear initiation.Flowering response to temperature differed considerably for the 2 wheat cultivars,which Chuanyu 12 was much more sensitive to temperature with the young ear significantly developed faster than that of control Xinchun 9.

关 键 词：小麦 温度 日照长度 穗分化 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S311