ALAD基因多态性与铅暴露人群健康危害研究  

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF δ-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID DEHYDRATASE(ALAD)GENE POLYMORPHISM WITH THE HEALTH OF LEAD-EXPOSED WORKERS

作　　者：王永伟[1] 兰亚佳[1] 杨跃林[1] 崔方方[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院),成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2011年第24期5062-5065,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：[目的]探讨中国西南地区汉族人群δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶(5-amiolevulinic acid dehydratase,ALAD,EC4.2.1.24)基因分布并分析不同基因型与工人血铅、健康危害状况的关系。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法抽取铅作业工人201名为研究对象。问卷调查,采集外周静脉血,检测血铅水平,并应用实时定量-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)的方法分析和验证ALAD基因多态性,对结局进行分析。[结果]201名铅接触工人中,ALAD1-1基因型178人(94.10%),ALAD1-2基因型23人(5.65%),未发现ALAD2-2基因型。等位基因ALAD1-1和ALAD1-2的频率分别为97.01%和2.99%,符合遗传学Hardy-Weinberg平衡。ALAD1-2基因型组血铅水平高于ALAD1-1基因型组(P﹤0.01),而ZnPP水平,ALAD1-2基因型组则低于ALAD1-1基因型组(P﹤0.01);高血铅组(≥1.50μmol/L)ALAD1-2基因型分布比例(13.2%)高于低血铅组(﹤1.50μmol/L)(0%)(P﹤0.05)。ALAD1-2基因型组头痛、失眠、记忆力下降、恶心、呕吐、腹泻与腹痛的发生率高于ALAD1-1基因型组(P﹤0.05或P﹤0.01);ALAD1-2基因型组消化道症状评分和神经精神症状评分均高于ALAD1-1基因型组(P﹤0.01)。[结论]在相同铅暴露情况下,与ALAD1-1相比,AL-AD1-2基因型的个体血铅较高,而且自觉症状异常率较高、程度较严重,说明ALAD-2个体工人对铅毒性易感性较高,这为今后采取针对性的措施预防铅中毒的发生提供参考依据,但同时尚需进一步大样本研究进行论证。[Objective]To investigate the distribution of ALAD and relationship among polymorphism of ALAD,gene susceptibility to lead toxicity and healthy status in Han population of southwest China.[Methods]Using the mass sample,201 workers exposed to lead were recruited. Questionnaires were carried out and 10 ml peripheral vein blood was drawn from each subject. Half of the blood was examined for lead concentration and the rest for checking for ALAD gene by real time polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR）. Different groups were divided and analyzed by ALAD genotype.[Results]A total of 178（88.56%）participants were homozygous for ALAD1-1,23（11.44%）participants were heterozygous for ALAD1-2 and none（0%）was homozygous for ALAD2-2. The frequency of ALAD-1 and ALAD-2 were 0.9428 and 0.0572,respectively,which keep genetic balance of Hardy-Weinberg. The blood lead levels（mean±SD,3.03±0.60μmol/L）in ALAD1-2 group were significantly higher than that（mean±SD,2.30±0.75μmol/L）in ALAD1-1 genotype（P﹤0.01）,but ZnPP in reverse（ALAD1-2 group,mean 1.17±0.85μmol/L vs ALAD1-1,mean 4.23±2.74μmol/L;P﹤0.01）. The proportion（13.2%）of ALAD1-2 among higher lead group（≥1.50μmol/L）was statistical higher than that（0%）in the relatively lower lead group（﹤1.50μmol/L）（P﹤0.05）. The outcome also showed participants with ALAD1-2 genotype had significantly higher incidences of self-conscious symptoms（such as headache,insomnia,memory loss,nausea,vomit,diarrhea and bellyache）（P﹤0.05 or P﹤0.01）,and digestive and nervous symptoms’ scores（P﹤0.05）.[Conclusion]Exposure to similarly occupational lead,compared with ALAD1-1 group,ALAD1-2 group has higher levels of blood lead concentrations,incidences of self-conscious symptoms,and Gastrointestinal and Neuropsychiatric symptom Scores. Some effectively preventive measures should be taken to reduce the incidences of lead poisoning according to the ALAD genetic difference. The current data provides new evidence for further research. But

关 键 词：δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶(ALAD) 铅暴露 基因多态性 健康状况 

分 类 号：R595.2[医药卫生—内科学]