温度与盐、碱胁迫交互作用对小麦种子萌发的影响  

Effects of Temperature,Salinity,Alkalinity and Their Interactions on Seed Germination of Wheat

作　　者：蔺吉祥[1] 李晓宇[2] 唐佳红[1] 王俊锋[1] 李卓琳[1] 张兆军[1] 穆春生[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学草地科学研究所,植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130024 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《作物杂志》2011年第6期113-116,共4页Crops

基　　金：国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重大项目(2008BADB3B09);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(10SSXT145)

摘　　要：采用3种变温处理(10～20℃,15～25℃与25～35℃),并分别混合两种中性盐(NaCl∶Na2SO4=4∶1)与碱性盐(NaHCO3∶Na2CO3=4∶1)模拟盐、碱胁迫条件,探讨盐碱胁迫与温度交互作用对小麦种子萌发的影响。结果表明,随着盐碱胁迫浓度的增大,种子发芽率与发芽速率均不断下降,且在碱胁迫下下降幅度更大。盐胁迫下,15～25℃与25～35℃对种子发芽率影响无显著差异,并且在25～35℃下发芽速率更高,而碱胁迫下,15～25℃更有利于小麦种子的萌发。另外,无论是在盐胁迫还是碱胁迫下,10～20℃低温均对种子抑制效应最强。上述结果表明,盐、碱胁迫及与温度交互作用对小麦种子萌发的影响明显不同,由于碱胁迫具有高pH值对种子的伤害更大,小麦种子萌发期耐盐碱性在低温下会大幅下降。Three alternating temperatures（10-20℃,15-25℃ and 25-35℃）,two neutral salts（NaCl∶Na2SO4=4∶1） and two alkaline salts（NaHCO3∶Na2CO3= 4∶1） were used as treatments to explore temperature stress,salt stress,alkali stress and their interactions on seed germination of wheat.The results showed that with the increasing salinity and alkalinity,both of the germination percentages and the germination rates of wheat decreased,and more sharply under alkali stress.Under salt stress,no significant change in germination percentage was observed under 15-25℃ and 25-35℃,and the germination rate was even higher under 25-35℃.While under alkali stress,15-25℃ was the optimum temperature for seed germination.In addition,the inhibitory effects of salt and alkali stresses on germination were greater at 10-20℃.These results suggest that salt stress,alkali stress and their interactions with temperatures had different impacts on seed germination of wheat.Moreover,the deleterious effect of alkali stress was more severe than salt stress because of the high pH and the salt-alkali tolerance of wheat decreased sharply under lower temperature.

关 键 词：盐胁迫 碱胁迫 小麦种子 温度 萌发 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]