三峡库区紫色土坡耕地小流域磷收支估算及污染潜势  

Phosphorous Input-Output Budgets for a Small Watershed in Purple Soil Sloped Farmland in the Three Gorges Area and Its Pollution Potential

作　　者：刘京[1] 郭劲松[1] 方芳[1] 李哲[1] 陈猷鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院,三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2011年第12期1385-1392,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07104-001,2009ZX07104-002,2009ZX07104-003);重庆市重点科技攻关项目(CSTC2009AB7036)

摘　　要：为了解三峡库区磷收支情况,进行污染潜势评价,对三峡库区典型紫色土坡耕区新政小流域进行调查分析.结果表明,新政小流域单位面积磷输入量为139.82 kg/(hm2.a),输出量为101.69 kg/(hm2.a).肥料磷输入是新政小流域磷输入的主要来源,占磷输入总量的72.26%;人畜排泄物磷是新政小流域磷的主要输出方式,占磷输出总量的56.01%;新政小流域磷损失负荷为18.26 kg/(hm2.a),人畜排泄物损失磷是磷损失的主要形式,占磷损失总量的46.75%;磷盈余负荷为38.13 kg/(hm2.a),高于全国平均值26.1 kg/(hm2.a).坡耕地磷污染潜势呈现,磷肥的过量施用是造成污染潜势的主要原因.To understand the phosphorous input-output situation in the Three Gorges Area and to estimate pollution potential,the Xinzheng small watershed in a typical purple soil sloped farmland in the Three Gorges Area was investigated.The results indicated that the phosphorus input was 139.82 kg/（hm^2·a） and the output was 101.69 kg/（hm^2·a）.Fertilizer was the main phosphorous input source,accounting for 72.26% of the total phosphorous input amount.The main output track of phosphorus was excreta from livestock and humans,accounting for 56.01% of the total phosphorous output amount.In this small watershed,the phosphorus loss load was 18.26 kg/（hm^2·a）.The primary phosphorus loss came from excreta,accounting for 46.75% of the total phosphorus loss.In addition,the phosphorus surplus load was 38.13 kg/（hm^2·a） in this watershed,which was higher than the national average of 26.1 kg/（hm^2·a）.Therefore,phosphorus pollution potential appeared in this farmland.Excessive phosphorus fertilization was the main reason for this pollution potential.

关 键 词：紫色土 坡耕地 磷收支 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]