高压下受限齿轮油成膜特性研究  

Film Thickness Properties of Confined Gear Oil at High Contact Pressures

作　　者：肖华平[1] 郭丹[1] 刘书海 路新春[1] 刘斌 

机构地区：[1]清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]中国石油大学机械与储运工程学院,北京102200 [3]长城润滑油公司北京研发中心,北京100085

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2011年第6期557-563,共7页Tribology

基　　金：国家"973"高科技项目(2007CB607604和2009CB724404)资助~~

摘　　要：本文揭示了在实际应用中极端工况下齿轮油的润滑特性.为了测量在高接触压力和不同温度条件下齿轮油的成膜能力,制作了高精度的膜厚测量仪,采用相对光强法实现纳米级膜厚测量.试验中共采用了5种性质不同的齿轮油,在纯滚动条件下测量接触区的油膜厚度,结果表明:随着接触压力的升高油膜厚度明显降低,但压力对润滑状态影响不大;温度的改变不但能影响油膜厚度,对润滑状态的影响也很明显;GL-5 85W/190和GL-5 85W/90齿轮油在接触压力达3 GPa温度提高到120℃时仍能形成很厚的油膜,但其余3种润滑剂在极端工况下成膜能力不足.本文最后根据试验结果还提出了含有丰富添加剂的齿轮油润滑模型.The purpose of this paper is to obtain more understanding about the how lubricants perform under practical conditions such as high contact pressures and elevated temperatures.A test rig is designed and manufactured to obtain rather reliable results of film thickness of gear oils confined between narrow gaps at extreme situations.Relative optical interference intensity was used to research film-forming properties of five gear oils in rolling,concentrated contacts under different pressures and temperatures.The main effect of contact pressure on film-forming properties of gear oil was that film thickness obviously decreased when more pressure was applied.Temperature,however,can influence both of film thickness and lubricating regime.In this study GL-5 85W/190 and GL-5 85W/90 can form rather thick film at high pressure up to 3 GPa and a temperature of 120 ℃ while the other three gear oils shared similar weak performance at extreme conditions.

关 键 词：高接触压力 润滑特性 齿轮油 薄膜润滑 弹流润滑 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]