住院肺结核患者医院内下呼吸道感染临床特点分析  

Hospitalized Patients with Tuberculosis Hospital Clinical Characteristics of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

作　　者：林雪云 

机构地区：[1]江苏省常熟市沙家浜镇唐市中心卫生院住院内科,江苏常熟215542

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2011年第34期273-274,共2页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨住院肺结核患者医院内下呼吸道感染临床特点、流行情况以及与它有关的危险因素。方法调查在住院期间出现结核杆菌之外的下呼吸道感染的180例患者,在他们之中,有100例患者的痰培养发现了110株的病原菌。在这之中还有62株的革兰阴性细菌,1株革兰阳性细菌,47株真菌。结果住院结核患者医院内下呼吸道感染的发生率在5%左右。有肺部以纤维空洞、慢性肺部疾病、支气管扩张、主要病理损害是肺不主张的结核患者是出现这类感染情况的高危人群。反复住院、住院时间长、长期大量的使用广谱抗生素、重症结核病所导致的营养状态的底下。结论一般肺结核患者的免疫力都很底下,如果抗结核药物和抗生素被长期应用在治疗中,加上患者的肺脏结构已经被破坏,患者的防御力以及呼吸道免疫力均有下降,就会导致真菌感染、条件致病菌以及多重耐药细菌居多。在临床上,治疗的预后性差。Objective To evaluate tuberculosis patients hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection within the hospital clinical features,epidemiology and risk factors associated with it.Methods Survey of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during hospitalization than in the lower respiratory tract infections 180 patients,among them,100 patients with sputum pathogens found in 110.In this there are 62 among the Gram-negative bacteria,a Gram-positive bacteria,47 fungi.（Table 1） Results TB patients hospitalized in the hospital the incidence of lower respiratory tract infection in about 5%.With hollow fibers with lung,chronic lung disease,bronchiectasis,lung damage is the main pathology of TB patients are not in favor of occurrence of such infection in high-risk groups.Repeated hospitalization,long hospital stay,long-term heavy use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,severe nutritional status of TB caused by the bottom.Conclusion The general immunity of patients with tuberculosis are under,if the anti-TB drugs and antibiotics have long been used in the treatment,the patient＇s lungs with the structure has been destroyed,the patient＇s immune defense and the respiratory tract were decreased,it will lead to fungal infections,conditions,and multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens in the majority.Clinically,the prognosis is poor.

关 键 词：肺结核 细菌学 医院内下呼吸道感染 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]