农业驱动的地下水硝态氮污染研究进展  

Research Advancement in Nitric Nitrogen Pollution of Ground Water by Agriculture Activities

作　　者：于冲[1] 陈淑峰[2] 吴文良[2] 李光德[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第29期264-270,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD17B05);中美国际合作项目(2009DFA91790)

摘　　要：科学合理地进行农业生产是控制地下水硝态氮污染的关键。笔者综述了近年来国内外在地下水硝态氮污染方面的研究进展,提出水肥管理以及土壤质地结构是导致硝态氮淋溶的重要因素,总结了区域层面的调整氮肥和有机肥施用,合理耕作,水分管理以及新型高效缓控释肥料的施用等措施是预防土壤硝态氮淋溶,减少地下水硝态氮污染,提高氮素利用率的有效途径。介绍了物理观测法、离子示踪法以及模型模拟法在地下水硝态氮污染防治的重要意义,指出基于区域尺度的农田水肥管理措施和模型相结合是未来研究的热点。Nitrate leaching in farming soil is the main reason resulting in ground water pollution of nitrate.The author had summarized nitric nitrogen pollution in ground water in recent years,pointed out that fertilizer management and soil texture structure were major influencing factors.Also,some effective methods,such as fertilization based on nitrogen and organic fertilizers,rational cultivation,water management and new type efficiency fertilizer application,were put forward to reduce nitrogen leaching,reduce the ground water pollution and improve use efficiency.Also,the author introduced some evaluation measures,such as physical investigation,ions tracing method and model simulation,and their great significance.The combination of fertilizer management and model would be the hot research in future.

关 键 词：农业 地下水 硝态氮污染 影响因素 评估方法 控制技术 

分 类 号：S1[农业科学—农业基础科学]