茄子氮磷钾养分效应研究  

The Nutrient Effect of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium on Eggplant

作　　者：黄巧义[1] 卢钰升[1] 唐拴虎[1] 黄旭[1] 付弘婷[1] 蒋瑞萍[1] 李苹[1] 陈建生[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第28期279-285,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：广东省农业攻关项目"农业生产资料减量化研究与示范"(2008A020100021);"肥料减量化研究与示范"(2009A020101001)

摘　　要：为了提高土壤养分供应量及强度、平衡茄子生产养分供求矛盾,探讨适宜茄子高产种植的氮磷钾最佳养分配方。以"农夫3号"为材料,采用"3414"设计方案,试验共设14个处理,3次重复,开展田间试验。结果表明:不施肥情况下茄子产量显著低于施肥处理,在不同施肥措施中N2P2K2处理的产量最高,不施或者少施氮、磷、钾中的任何一种养分均不同程度导致减产,其中氮肥的产量贡献率最大;氮、磷、钾养分供应不足均减少茄子有效结果数;茄子产量随着氮、磷、钾施用水平呈现一定趋势变化,氮素肥料是茄子产量形成最主要限制因子;增施氮、磷、钾养分肥料显著提高了植株养分含量及累积量,但降低了果实养分分配比例。通过茄子产量与养分用量模型分析,得到茄子推荐比例N:P2O5:K2O=1:(0.55～0.83):(0.63～0.84),施肥量为N:P2O5:K2O=(392～433):(240～243):(271～330)kg/hm2。The aim was to improve soil nutrient and its application to eggplant,meet eggplants nutrient need,and ind out the optimal fertilizer formula for high output eggplant production.＇ Nong Fu 3 ＇ was used as material,＂ 3414 ＂ designing experiment and14 treatments with 3 replications were carried out.The experimental results showed that fertilize could improve eggplant output remarkable.N2P2K2 treatment ＇ s yield was highest among the fertilize treatments.Treatments without or less applied any one of the three nutrients：nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium could make yield decreasing in different level,while nitrogen application was the most important yield formation factor.The insufficiency of nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium application made eggplant fruit decreasing.Nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium applied rates enhanced eggplant nutrient content and accumulation significantly,but nutrient allocation proportion decreased in the fruit.The mathematical model between eggplant and nutrient applied rates showed that the optimal nutrient application was：N：P 2 O 5：K 2 O=1：（0.55-0.83）：（0.63-0.84）,or N：P 2 O 5：K 2 O=（392-433）：（240-243）：（271-330） kg/hm 2.

关 键 词：茄子 氮磷钾 “3414”设计方案 产量 肥料 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]