半干旱区玉米降解地膜覆盖栽培综合效应研究  

Comprehensive Effects of Degradable Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation for Maize in Semi-arid Region

作　　者：孙云云[1] 高玉山[1] 窦金刚[1] 王永军[1] 刘慧涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究中心,长春130033

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2011年第30期27-31,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划"松嫩平原风沙瘠薄农田保土保墒增肥关键技术集成与示范"(2009BADB3B05);国家星火计划项目"松嫩平原高淀粉玉米产业化科技示范"(2010GA60012);吉林省科技计划项目"吉林省西部半干旱区玉米节水高产稳产技术集成研究示范"(20086025);"半干旱区玉米地膜覆盖高产栽培技术示范"(201060285)

摘　　要：针对吉林省西部半干旱区降水量少,特别是玉米生育期降水分布不均,玉米产量稳定性差等问题,采用降解地膜覆盖、不覆盖、普通地膜覆盖3种栽培模式,对土壤温度、水分、土壤理化性状、土壤微生物及玉米产量的影响进行研究。结果表明,降解地膜覆盖具有显著的增温保墒作用,可改善土壤物理性状,增加土壤速效养分,促进土壤微生物的活动,提高玉米的产量。降解地膜覆盖较不覆盖地膜增产14.51%;使用的降解地膜在7月下旬可分解至6级,重量减少66.35%,降低了地膜对土壤环境的污染程度。The main problems of dry farming areas in Western Jilin Province are less annual precipitation,especially uneven seasonal distribution of precipitation in the maize production and the poor stability of yield.In this paper,the effect of mulch on the soil temperature,soil moisture,soil physical and chemical properties,soil microbe and yield of maize were studied.The results showed that mulching could significantly increase soil temperature,improved soil physical properties,soil nutrients and soil microbial activity,promoted the absorption of maize roots on soil moisture and nutrients,increased the yield of maize.The yield of degradation plastics film was increased 14.51%compared to the control.Degradable plastics film decomposed to level 6 in late July,the weight decreased 66.35%.Degradable film can reduce the pollution of the soil environment.

关 键 词：降解地膜 土壤理化性状 微生物数量 产量 降解强度 

分 类 号：S-3[农业科学]