条垛式堆肥污泥对杨树幼苗光合光响应特性的影响  

Effects of Windrow Composting Sewage Sludge on Photosynthesis and Light Response Characteristics in Poplar Seedlings

作　　者：宋金洪[1] 白莉萍[1] 辛涛[1] 伏亚萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2011年第12期39-43,46,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFRIFEEP201106);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(5082019)

摘　　要：采用温室盆栽方法,研究条垛式堆肥污泥对欧美杨108(Populus×euramericana‘Guariento’)幼苗叶片光合作用光响应的影响。试验设置6个处理:30 t.hm-2(低量LS)、60 t.hm-2(中量MS)、90 t.hm-2(高量HS)、120 t.hm-2(超高量SS)、无机复合肥处理1.5 t.hm-2(F)及对照处理(不施加污泥及肥料),利用Li-6400便携式光合作用测量系统对杨树幼苗不同生长季(6月,8月及9月)叶片的光合作用及光响应(9月)进行测定。结果表明:杨树幼苗叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2摩尔分数均在8月份表现最高,MS处理对各光合参数影响最为有利。随着污泥施用量的增加,叶片最大净光合速率、表观量子效率、光饱和点均表现出先升后降的趋势,且各污泥处理均高于对照和F处理。除对照和SS处理外,LS、MS、HS和F处理均表现出较低的暗呼吸速率和光补偿点。与对照和F处理相比,相同光强下,不同用量的污泥处理均提高了杨树幼苗叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度。不过,施用污泥没有明显提高杨树幼苗叶片的瞬时水分利用效率。施用污泥有利于提高植物的光合生理功能,而且适当施用污泥则更为有利。A pot experiment in greenhouse was conducted to study the effects of windrow composting sewage sludge （WCSS） on the photosynthesis and light response characteristics of poplar seedlings （ Populls × euramericana＇ Guariento＇ ）. Six treatments were installed, i. e. four different dosages of WCSS, including 30 t ·hm^-2（ denoted as LS）, 60 t ·hm^-2（MS）, 90 t ·hm^-2（ HS）, 120 t ·hm^-2（ SS）, and inorganic compound fertilizer 10.45 t ·hm^-2（F） and control （no application of sewage sludge and inorganic fertilizer）. The photosynthesis （in June, August, September） and light response characteristics （ in September） of poplar seedlings were measured with Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system in different seasons. Re- sults showed that the net photosynthesis rate （Pn）, transpiration rate （Tr）, stomatie conductance （Gs） and intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci） in poplar seedlings were highest in August, and the MS treatment contributed most to the photosynthetic parameters. The maximum photosynthetic rates, apparent quantum yield, 1 ight-saturation point first increased and then decreased with the increase of WCSS dosage, and were all higher than those of the control and the F treatment. The apparent dark respiration rate and light-compensation point in treatment LS, MS, HS and, F were lower than those of the control and SS treatment. Compared with the control and the F treatment, the values of Pn, Tr and Gs increased under different levels of sewage sludge. However, no significant effects of sewage sludge treatments could be found on water use efficiency. Overall, sewage sludge is favorable to improve the photosynthetic ability of plants ; moreover, it is better for appropriate hse.

关 键 词：杨树幼苗 污泥 光响应 光合作用 条垛式堆肥 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]