太湖梅梁湾大型生态控藻围栏内鲢鳙的生长特征  

The Growth Characters of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis in Large Fish Pens in the Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu

作　　者：柯志新[1] 谢平[2] 过龙根[2] 徐军[2] 周琼[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,广东广州510301 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430072 [3]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2011年第5期13-18,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家863科技计划(2002AA601011);国家自然科学基金(41006066);中国科学院南海海洋研究所青年人才基金项目(SQ200907)

摘　　要：富营养化湖泊围栏养殖鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)控制蓝藻水华在生物操纵示范中得到了广泛应用。在2004和2005年,研究了太湖梅梁湾生态修复区内大型生物控藻围栏中鲢鳙的季节生长特征,分析了影响其生长的因素。结果表明,鲢鳙生长受养殖密度的影响很大,鲢在养殖密度低的2004年和养殖密度高的2005年的日均增重分别为6.07 g和4.30 g,鳙则分别为11.29 g和5.09 g。鳙的生长速度比鲢快,但受密度影响的程度比鲢大。从季节变化来看,鲢属于单峰型生长,生长速度和水温显著正相关;而鳙一年中呈现出2个生长高峰期,分别在5～6月和9～10月,夏季爆发的蓝藻水华对鳙的生长速度有所抑制。为使当年投放的鱼苗在年底能达到出售的商品规格,太湖梅梁湾水域围栏养殖鲢鳙的初始鱼苗投放密度应低于12 g/m3。Silver carp （Hypophthalmichthys molitrix） and bighead carp （Aristichthys nobilis） was widely pen-cultured in Chinese eutrophic lakes for the control of cyanobacterial blooms. In 2004 and 2005, the growth characters of pen-cultured silver and bighead carp was studied in the large biomanipulation fish pens in the Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu. The results showed that the growth rates of silver and bighead carp were significantly influenced by the stocking density. The average growth rates of silver and bighead carp was 6.07 g/day and 11.29 g/day in 2004 with a low stocking density, and 4.30 g/day and 5.09 g/day in 2005 with a high stocking density, respectively. The growth speed of bighead carp was higher than silver carp＇s, but the influence by the stocking density of its growth rate was stronger than bighead carp＇s. Growth rate of silver carp showed a single peak in one year, which had significantly positive correlation with water temperature. However, growth rate of bighead carp showed two peaks during May to Jun and September to October, and the outbreak of cyanobacterial blooms seemed to hinder the growth of bighead carp in summer. In order to reach the commercial specification in one-year culture, the initial stocking density of fingerlings should less than 12 g/m3 at the beginning of the year in the Meiliang Bay of Lake Taihu.

关 键 词：鲢 鳙 生物操纵 围栏养殖 太湖 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]