人工授粉对火龙果果实发育的影响  

Effects of artificial pollination on fruit development of Pitaya(Hylocereus polyrhizus)

作　　者：梁桂东[1] 胡子有[2] 李立志[1] 唐志鹏[3] 邓俭英[1] Sommay CHANTHAVILATH 

机构地区：[1]广西现代农业科技示范园 [2]广西农业职业技术学院 [3]广西大学农学院 [4]老挝占巴塞省农林厅

出　　处：《广西植物》2011年第6期813-817,共5页Guihaia

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD68B04);广西农科院基本科研业务专项(200831(基));广西农科院科技发展基金(200905Z)~~

摘　　要：于开花期对红皮红肉类型火龙果进行人工授粉与自然授粉处理,并对不同发育阶段的子房或果实进行解剖观察,以研究人工授粉对果实发育的影响。结果表明:人工授粉可提高火龙果的平均单果重和商品果率,平均单果重与果实内种子数呈显著正相关关系;火龙果子房为多胚珠结构,子房内有若干"珠柄-胚珠"单元,胚珠在开花后发育成种子,珠柄则发育成肉质种柄,果实的主要食用部分是由若干个"肉质种柄-种子"单元构成;人工授粉处理使"珠柄-胚珠"单元发育成"肉质种柄-种子"单元的数量增加从而提高单果重。To study effects of pollination on fruit development of Pitaya（ Hylocereus undatus）, artificial pollination and natural pollination were treated to flowers as well as ovary and fruit in different development phases were dissected and sliced for observation. Results suggested that artificial pollination treatment made average single fruit weight and marketable fruit percentage raised while average single fruit weight was positively correlated with seed quantity in the fruit. Ovary of Pitaya were comprised of numbers of‘Podosperm-Ovule＇ structure inside. Ovules grew into seeds after flowering while podosperm into succulent seed stalk. Main edible part of fruit were comprised of numbers of‘succulent seed stalk-seed’structure. Artificial pollination might increase the numbers of‘Podosperm-Ovule’developing into ‘succulent seed stalk-seed;that gave help to fruit enlargement against natural pollination group.

关 键 词：火龙果 人工授粉 “肉质种柄-种子”单元 果实发育 单果重 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]