东北及邻近地区夏季气温异常的新特征及对大气环流的响应  

New Anomaly Feature of Summer Air Temperature in Northeast China and Its Responding to Atmospheric General Circulation

作　　者：张茜[1] 李栋梁[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院/气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《高原气象》2011年第6期1604-1614,共11页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2007CB411506);公益性行业专项(GYHY201006038)共同资助

摘　　要：利用我国东北及邻近地区(简称东北)123个气象站的逐日地面气温资料和NCEP/NCAR全球再分析月平均500hPa高度场资料,通过EOF和合成分析等方法,对东北夏季气温异常的特征和不同空间型的大气环流进行了分析。结果表明,在全球气候变暖的背景下,我国东北夏季气温异常主要有全区一致型和东北—西南反位相分布型。近60年来气温总体呈上升趋势,尤其是1990年以后增温明显,区域差异主要表现在东北部升温早而西南部晚。东北夏季气温的异常分布型有:(1)全区一致高温型,(2)全区一致低温型,(3)西南部低温、东北部正常或高温型,(4)东北部低温、西南部正常或高温型。进一步分析表明,夏季气温的高低与其上空500hPa位势高度有关,气温偏高对应位势高度正异常,气温偏低对应位势高度负异常。当东北全区处于一致的正(负)异常大气环流形势的控制下,全区气温一致偏高(低);当东北部与西南部分别处于不同位相的位势高度异常控制之下,则两区的气温变化不一致。Based on the observational data at 123 stations in Northeast China and 500 hPa monthly average height of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data,through EOF and synthetic analyzing methods,the variation of summer air temperature in Northeast China and its abnormal atmospheric general circulation are studied.The results show that,in the background of global warming,there are two temperature changing patterns in the studied region.One is the consistent pattern in the whole region and the other is the spatially-oppsite pattern between the northeast and southwest.In the recent 60 years,the summer air temperature in Northeast China performed ascendant trend overall,especially after 1990s.The regional difference main appears that the warming of the northeast is earlier than that of the southwest.There are four mainly spatial anomolous patterns of the summer air temperature in Northeast China.The first pattern is consistent high temperature,the second pattern is consistent low temperature,the third pattern is low temperature of the southwest with normal or high temperature of the northeast,and the forth pattern is low temperature of the northeast with normal or high temperature of the southwest.It is considered that the summer temperature in Northeast China has a significant correlation with atmospheric general circulation.The high and low temperatures are corresponding to positive and negative anomalies of 500 hPa potential height,respectively.While the total region is under the control of consistent positive or negative potential height,the temperature in Northeast China is consistently high or low;while the northeast and southwest regions are controlled by different phases of potential height anomaly,the change trend of the summer air temperature in two regions is different.

关 键 词：东北夏季气温 年代际变化 大气环流 

分 类 号：P423.35[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]