“090723”强降水超级单体风暴特征及强风原因分析  

Characteristic of Heavy Precipitation and Gale Analysis of Supercell Storm on 23 July 2009

作　　者：王福侠 裴宇杰 杨晓亮 李宗涛 俞小鼎[3] 

机构地区：[1]河北省气象台,河北石家庄050021 [2]河北省生态环境重点实验室,河北石家庄050021 [3]中国气象局培训中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2011年第6期1690-1700,共11页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：科技部公益类行业专项"京津冀城市群强对流天气短时临近预报关键技术研究"(GYHY200906011);河北省科技攻关项目"致灾暴雨的多普勒天气雷达预警系统"(052435183D);国家自然科学基金项目(40575014;40875029;41005002)共同资助

摘　　要：利用石家庄新乐多普勒天气雷达(SA)资料、濮阳多普勒天气雷达(SB)资料、常规观测资料和地面加密观测资料,对2009年7月23日邢台一次强降水超级单体风暴的环境条件和回波结构演变特征进行了详细分析。结果表明,此次强降水超级单体风暴是在中到强的热力不稳定(对流有效位能CAPE值为1701J.kg-1)和中低层强风切变(地面～500hPa,20m.s-1)的环境下发展起来的。孤立的对流单体遇到旧雷暴形成出流边界后迅速发展成为多单体风暴。出流边界前侧垂直风切变加大及其后侧冷池的加强是促进中气旋迅速形成的重要原因。强降水超级单体风暴的演变可以归结为普通单体、强降水超级单体及弓形回波3个阶段,属于典型的右移风暴。在超级单体风暴初期有2个强反射率因子中心,具有多单体风暴特征,每个强反射率因子中心都有独立的前侧入流缺口和有界弱回波区。强降水超级单体风暴在初期又具备典型超级单体风暴的特征,低层(约2.5km高度处)有典型的钩状回波、明显的回波悬垂和有界弱回波区。中气旋被强降水区包围,在2.4km高度附近首先观测到中气旋(兰金模型结构),随后中气旋向上向下发展,旋转非常强,最高达到5km,最大旋转速度为27m.s-1,达到强中气旋标准。Based on the Doppler weather radar data of Shijiazhuang and Puyang,upper air data and automatic surface observation data,a detailed analyses of environmental condition,strcture and evolution of a heavy precipitation supercell are made.The analysis indicates that the heavy precipitation supercell storm occurs in the moderate convective available potential energy（CAPE value is 1 701 J·kg-1） and significant vertical wind shear（surface^500 hPa,19.97 m·s-1） environment.The isolated convective cell rapidly develop after entering the thermal energy boundary.The increased lower vertical wind shear and cold cool along thermal boundary apper to promote the supercell development.The evolution of heavy precipitation supercell storm can be summarized as ＇common cell,heavy precipitation supercell and bow echo＇ three stages.it is belong to the typical right shift storm.In the early stage,two strong reflectivity center of supercell storm have multi-cell storm features.Strong reflectivity of each center has its own V-front inflow notch and bounded weak echo regions.At the beginning,heavy precipitation supercell storm have the lower（about 2.5 km height） significant hook echo,echo overhang and bounded weak echo regions,which are the typical characteristics of the classic supercell.The cyclone is surrounded by heavy rainfall areas,the cyclone（Rankin model structure） firstly observed near 2.4 km,and then development up and down with very strong rotation.The cyclone extended to 5 km with the maximum rotation speed of 27 m·s-1,reached the strong cyclone standards.

关 键 词：强降水超级单体 多普勒雷达回波特征 中气旋 强风 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]