我国水资源安全现状与主要存在问题分析  

Current situation of water security and analysis of major problem in China

作　　者：郦建强[1] 王建生[2] 颜勇[3] 

机构地区：[1]水利部水利水电规划设计总院,北京100120 [2]南京水利科学研究院,南京210029 [3]水利部水资源司,北京100053

出　　处：《中国水利》2011年第23期42-51,共10页China Water Resources

摘　　要：水资源安全以水资源系统的状态稳定和功能健全为标志。水资源安全状况与水资源自身条件及承载状况、水环境承载状况、水生态安全状况和经济社会的供水保障状况有关。以水资源可利用量衡量水资源开发利用的压力和承载状况,以纳污能力及主要污染物允许入河排放量衡量入河污染物的达标程度,以河道内生态环境用水标准衡量河流下泄水量和入海水量及其满足生态环境用水要求的状况,以先进合理的用水定额衡量区域用水水平与效率。选择控制性指标,对我国现状水资源安全进行综合评价与分析,从而进一步揭示和深层次分析我国水资源问题。Water resources security is symbolized as stable and well functioned of water resources system, and depends on water resources situation and its bearing condition, water environment bearing condition, water ecology security and guarantee degree of water supply. It is recommended that measuring the pressure on water development and utilization and bearing condition of water resources by available water volume, measuring the compliance degree of pollutant load to the rivers by the pollutant bearing capacity and permitted emissions of major pollutants, measuring the water volume discharged into the downstream, water flowing into the sea and eeo-environmental water requirements by adopting standard of eco-environmental requirements inside the river channel, measuring regional water use level and efficiency by reasonable water use quota. By choosing controlling index, this paper conducted overall assessment and analysis on current situation of water security in China, so as to further reveal and analyze water resources problems in China.

关 键 词：水资源 安全评价 问题 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]