皮肤洗消剂PF2009对化学毒剂的消毒作用  

Evaluation on the capability of a skin decontaminatant PF2009 to inactivate chemical warfare agents

作　　者：刘红岩[1] 刘艳芹[1] 应莺[1] 林京玉[1] 王伊文[2,3] 左国民[3] 朱海燕[3] 钟玉绪[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所,北京100850 [2]解放军三○二医院,北京100039 [3]防化指挥工程学院,北京102205

出　　处：《国际药学研究杂志》2011年第6期448-451,共4页Journal of International Pharmaceutical Research

摘　　要：目的通过检测皮肤洗消剂PF2009对化学毒剂的体外消毒效率,对皮肤洗消剂PF2009的消毒效果进行评价。方法将皮肤洗消剂PF2009按比例分别同梭曼(GD)、维埃克斯(VX)、芥子气(HD)混合,采用色谱分析法或T-135法于不同作用时间检测化学毒剂的剩余量。将皮肤洗消剂PF2009及其基质分别按相同比例与GD、VX或HD相互作用,1 h后利用反应混合物进行在体动物实验,染毒后6 d内观察动物存活情况,进行乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性检测,或通过观察皮肤损伤面积及组织病理学变化等指标评价皮肤洗消剂PF2009的消毒效果。结果洗消剂对VX和GD具有快速、高效的消毒效果,在洗消剂与两毒剂分别按照体积比50∶1进行消毒时,相互作用10 min后,其消毒效率均大于99%;洗消剂对HD也具有较好的消毒效果,混匀后静置10 min,消毒率达到80%以上,静置60 min,其消毒率达到94%。毒剂与洗消液有效成分的摩尔比为1∶10时,混匀60 min后GD消毒产物按照GD剂量4.54、9.0 mg/kg(以初始加入GD量计)腹腔注射(ip)家兔,VX消毒产物3.34 mg/kg(以初始加入VX量计)ip家兔,6 d之内家兔全部存活,血液AChE活性均为正常对照的90%以上,而对应的基质对照组动物全部死亡。HD与PF2009消毒产物1 mg/cm2皮肤染毒组同HD基质消毒对照组相比皮肤损伤明显减轻。结论皮肤洗消剂PF2009在体外对毒剂具有很好的消毒效果。Objective To evaluate the capability of skin decontamination lotion PF2009 to decontaminate chemical warfare agents. Methods The remnant of chemical warfare agents, soman （GD）, VX or sulfur mustard（HD）, was measured with gas phase chromatography or T-135 method after being mixed with PF2009 for indicated time. The mixtures of PF2009 with GD, VX at a molar ratio of 10：1 was measured by the main agent were administered to rabbits through intraperitoneal injection. 6 days later, the activity of acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） in animal blood was determined with the method of DTNB. The survival rate was calculated after counting the living and died rabbits. The mixtures of PF2009 with HD were administered to rabbit skin. The area of injured skin was measured. Histochemical method was employed to observe the pathological change in the injured skin. Results Remnant of GD or VX could not be detected after being mixed with PF2009 at a volume ratio of 1：50 for 10 min. Under the same mixing condition, decontaminated HD increased from 80% to 94% when prolonging the incubation time from 10 to 60 min. Rabbits were intraperitoneally administered with the mixture of PF2009 with GD at a dose of 4.54 or 9.00 mg/kg or VX at a dose 3.34 mg/kg. No animals died in PF2009 group. In contrast, all rabbits died in lotion matrix control group during the 6 days＇ observation. 90% activity of AChE in blood was maintained for PF2009 group when compared with that for un-administered normal animals. The mixture of PF2009 with HD was administered to the rabbit skin at a dose of 1 mg/cm2. The damage of skin was much lighter in PF2009 group than in lotion matrix control group when being evaluated with the area value of injured skin and histochemical staining. Conclusion The skin decontamination lotion PF2009 is effective in inactivating chemical warfare agents in vitro.

关 键 词：皮肤洗消剂 化学毒剂 消毒 

分 类 号：R827.11[医药卫生—临床医学]