吐哈盆地北部山前带红旗坎三维叠前深度偏移处理解释  

3D Prestack Depth Migration Processing and Interpretation of Hongqikan in Piedmont Zone, Northern Turpan-Hami Basin

作　　者：侯安宁 张海云 傅旦丹 杨晓 郭礼平 

机构地区：[1]北京海地华创成像技术有限公司,北京100085 [2]北京锐浪石油技术公司,北京100085

出　　处：《中国石油勘探》2011年第5期41-48,172,共8页China Petroleum Exploration

摘　　要：概述了红旗坎构造带的区域地质和勘探开发的基本情况,明确指出了该区地震资料处理解释目前存在的问题:由于该区紧邻造山带,断裂构造十分复杂,表现在已有地震资料的处理解释成果上成像信噪比低和成像的准确度较差。换句话说,在该区主要目的层段,由地震成果资料得到的构造图与钻井的误差很大,成像问题是红旗坎现有诸多问题中的核心问题,而导致成像问题的主要原因是传统的成像技术只能用于比较简单的地质情况,已不能解决该区的复杂地质问题。当前国际上最新的用于生产的成像技术是逆时叠前深度偏移,但国内还没有看到有关的应用和报道,因此可以说红旗坎三维地震资料深度域处理解释中最关键的核心技术就是逆时叠前深度偏移技术。深入地介绍了地震资料深度域成像的3个关键技术:保幅去噪、非线性层速度反演、伪谱双波场法逆时叠前深度偏移。这些技术在处理解释所起的作用远远超过了大多数已有的最初预测,逆时叠前深度偏移效果突出,成功地解决了红旗坎资料设计的处理解释问题,为其他地区应用逆时叠前深度偏移积累了一系列的不可多得的丰富经验。After outlining the basic situation of regional geology and exploration of Hongqikan (HQK) structure, this paper clearly points out existing problems in seismic processing and interpretation, which could be described as low S/N ratio and incorrect imaging, directly related to very complicated faults and structure near the mountain area. In other words, the huge errors at main target layers between the seismic and well-logs tell us that how to get correct seismic image has been a key problem in the area for further seismic processing and interpretation. The main reason for the imaging problem is that traditional imaging technology only for simple cases cannot be applied to the complicated situation like HQK structure. RTM (reverse-time migration), the best imaging technology in the world, has not been utilized and reported in China so far. Hence it is believed that RTM is going to be the most key technology for 3D seismic depth processing and interpretation in HQK. Based on those considerations, this paper focuses on three key technologies, i.e. amplitude-preserved noise reduction, non-linear inversion of interval velocity, and pseudo-spectral double-wavefield reverse-time prestack depth migration (PSDW). They have been applied to HQK processing and interpretation project and achieved the results that are positively far beyond initial prediction. In conclusion, RTM could be used to get the greatest seismic images and successfully solve the problems designed at the very beginning. Besides, RTM experience in HQK will definitely benefit depth processing and interpretation in other complicated areas.

关 键 词：逆时叠前深度偏移 伪谱双波场法 非线性层速度反演 保幅去噪 红旗坎构造带 三维处理解释 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]