不同覆膜方式对山旱地菜豆土壤水分及利用效率的影响  

Effects of different plastic-film mulching on soil water and water use efficiency of dryland bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

作　　者：张忠平[1] 梁更生[1] 王福全[1] 杨永岗[2] 尹艳兰[1] 逯建平[1] 

机构地区：[1]天水市农业科学研究所,甘肃天水741001 [2]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2011年第5期45-49,58,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项(0801NKDE018)

摘　　要：以秋季和春季半膜平覆、全膜平覆、全膜双垄沟6种覆膜方式为处理,研究了不同覆膜方式对山旱地菜豆土壤水分及其利用率等的影响。结果表明,秋季全膜双垄沟和秋季全膜平覆较春季全膜双垄沟、秋季半膜平覆、春季全膜平覆和对照春季半膜平覆在播种时0～100 cm土层中土壤贮水量分别提高7.62%～14.20%、7.44%～14.02%,在7月中旬前0～80 cm土层中土壤贮水量分别提高7.39%～16.16%、5.45%～14.06%,相互间差异达显著(或极显著)水平;秋季全膜双垄沟和秋季全膜平覆山旱地菜豆的产量与水分利用效率分别达19 311.11、17 938.89 kg/hm2和65.45、58.71 kg/(mm.hm2),较对照春季半膜平覆分别提高91.82%、78.20%,81.20%、62.54%,差异均达极显著水平;秋季全膜双垄沟和秋季全膜平覆栽培能显著提高山旱地菜豆的生长势、产量和水分利用效率。An experiment was carried out to study the effect of different plastic-film mulching on soil water content and water use efficiency of dryland bean（Phaseolus vulgaris L.） by using six mulching modes which were whole mulching on double ridges in autumn,whole flat mulching in autumn,half flat mulching in autumn,whole mulching on double ridges in spring,whole flat mulching in spring and half flat mulching in spring.The results showed that compared with spring＇s double ridges full mulching,autumn＇s half flat film mulching and spring＇s full flat mulching as well as spring＇s half flat mulching（CK）,autumn＇s double ridges whole mulching and autumn＇s whole flat mulching increased water content of 0～100 cm soil layer by 7.62%～14.20 and 7.44%～14.02% respectively at sowing time,and before mid July water content of 0～80 cm soil layer increased by 7.39%～16.16% and 5.45%～14.06% respectively,significant differences between each other got significant（or very significant） level.The bean＇s yield and water use efficiency of autumn＇s double ridges whole mulching and autumn＇s full flat mulching were 19 311.11 kg/hm2 and 17 938.89 kg/hm2,65.45 kg/（mm·hm2） and 58.71 kg/（mm·hm2）,increased by 91.82% and 78.20%,81.20% and 62.54%（P〈0.01 or P〈0.05） respectively compared with spring＇s half flat mulching.Furthermore,the growth potential and yield and water use efficiency of dryland bean were significantly improved by planting in catchment furrow of autumn＇s double ridges whole film mulching or in catchment hole of autumn＇s flat whole film mulching.

关 键 词：山旱地 菜豆 覆膜方式 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S343.1[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]