经济快速发展城郊区土壤重金属空间分布及潜在生态危害评价——以慈溪市横河镇为例  

Spatial Distribution and Pollution Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals in Rapidly Developing Suburb Regions

作　　者：王宏[1] 吕殿青[1] 刘庆[2] 韩贻强[2] 候旭蕾[1] 刘小梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,长沙410081 [2]滨州学院,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《热带地理》2011年第6期559-564,共6页Tropical Geography

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(11JJ2012);湖南省重点学科自然地理学项目(2008001);湖南省科技计划项目(2011FJ3224)

摘　　要：以浙江省慈溪市经济快速发展城郊区横河镇为研究区域,应用地统计学方法和GIS空间分析技术,探讨横河镇农田土壤重金属分布状况、空间异质性及其来源,运用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价了区域生态危害程度。结果表明:横河镇土壤中的重金属含量均已超出当地的背景值,呈现中等变异特征。依据空间变异函数模型及参数判定重金属的空间变异状况是Cu、Pb和Cr具有较强的空间相关,As、Hg居中,而Zn和Cd较弱。Kring插值法的空间分布分析显示,土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr的高含量区主要位于北部平原,Cd的含量东、西部高而中部较低,As的分布呈西北―东南逐渐递减的趋势,Hg的分布相对较复杂。认为不同的分布特征是人类活动与土壤母质双重影响的结果。生态危害评价显示,横河镇约80%的区域处于中等与强危害程度,主要重金属的污染程度顺序为Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn。Spatial distribution,sources and spatial heterogeneity of heavy metals are studied by using geo-statistic approach and ArcGIS in Henghe town,Cixi city in Zhejiang province.Heavy metal pollution in the soil is evaluated by ecological risk index method.The results show that the actual content of all the heavy metals in the soil is over their original background level,with a moderate variance index.According to heterogeneity model and related parameter,Cd,Pb have the strongest spatial correlation,while others keeping moderate.The spatial interpolation maps reveal that the seven elements have different spatial distribution characteristics.The high remainder of Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr content is found in the north of the region,the content of Cd is higher in the west and east but lower in the middle.As decreases gradually from the west-north region to the east-south region,the distribution of Hg is more complicated than that of the others.In addition,various distribution has been influenced by the two factors：human activity and the soil itself.The ecological risk index method indicates that about 80% of the studied area has reach middle and severe harm degree.The risk order of heavy metals is Hg〉Cd〉As〉Pb〉Cu〉Cr〉Zn.

关 键 词：土壤重金属 污染评价 空间变异 横河镇 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学] X53[农业科学—农业基础科学]