上海市杨浦区中学生自行车伤害综合干预效果评价  

Effect evaluation on intervention for bicycle traffic injuries among the middle school students in Yangpu,Shanghai

作　　者：李志义[1] 张亚英[1] 黄沪涛[1] 高树森[1] 黄惠敏[1] 周峰[2] 苏慧佳[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市杨浦区疾病预防控制中心,200090 [2]上海市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2011年第11期1330-1331,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：上海市卫生局公共卫生建设三年行动计划项目

摘　　要：目的对上海市杨浦区中学生进行自行车伤害干预,探讨预防和控制中学生自行车伤害发生的措施和方法。方法从上海市杨浦区中学生自行车伤害现况调查的7所中学中,随机抽取2所作为干预学校,另外5所作为对照学校。对干预学校的1 823名学生实施以健康教育、制度管理、严格执法以及环境改造等综合干预措施,对照组学校的2 306名学生不采取任何干预措施。1 a后,比较2组学生干预前后自身及相互预防控制自行车伤害知信行及发生率的变化。结果干预组学生的交通安全知识平均得分由干预前的9.08分增加到干预后的10.32分(P<0.01),骑车违章率由97.20%下降到94.94%(P<0.01),态度、信念各指标明显提高,自行车伤害发生率由7.46%下降到2.19%(P<0.01);对照组知识得分前后基本保持在8.49分,骑车违章率由97.09%下降到96.81%,自行车伤害发生率由6.85%下降到5.67%,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预的效益-费用比值为3.02∶1。结论以宣传教育、制度管理、严格监督执法以及环境改造为主的综合干预措施能有效预防和控制学生自行车伤害的发生。Objective To explore the intervention measures for prevention and control of bicycle traffic injuries among middle school students.Methods A total of 1 823 students of two schools were selected as the intervention group,and 2 306 students of the other five schools for comparison group.A series of intervention measures were held in the intervention group,no intervention in the comparison group.The effectiveness was evaluated by comparing the change of the students＇ the KAP and incidence rate of bicycle traffic injuries between the two groups before and after intervention.Results Compared with baseline,the average knowledge scores in intervention group increased from 9.08 to 10.32（t=-3.160,P〈0.01）,the rate of peccancy behavior on ridding dropped from 97.20% to 94.94%（χ2=11.865,P=0.000）,the attitude were significantly improved,the rate of bicycle injury dropped from 7.46% to 2.19%（χ2=50.760,P=0.000）,but in the control group,the average scores was still 8.49,the rate of peccancy behavior dropped from 97.07% to 96.81%,and incidence rate of bicycle traffic injuries dropped from 6.85% to 5.67%,but no significant difference among them.The cost-benefit ratio of intervention was 3.02∶1.Conclusion The intervention measures of health education,institutionalized management,strict enforcement,environmental improvement can prevent and control the occurrence of bicycle injury among middle school students.

关 键 词：创伤和损伤 事故 交通 健康知识 态度 实践 干预性研究 学生 

分 类 号：R873[医药卫生—运动医学] R195[医药卫生—临床医学]