星洲红鱼形态、染色体组型及细胞核DNA含量的分析  

Morphology,chromosome karyotype and nuclear DNA contents of Red Tilapia

作　　者：黄永春[1] 李文静[1] 林祥日[2] 蔡明夷[1] 许洪玉 李雅玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]厦门海洋职业技术学院,福建厦门361012 [3]集美区农业局水产技术推广站,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2011年第5期3-8,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：李尚大集美大学学科建设基金(2010);福建省发改委"农业创新工程"<星洲红鱼高效健康养殖技术开发与示范推广>项目(2009);集美区科技局<星洲红鱼(Red Tilapia)良种选育与健康育苗技术项目>(350211Z20093B01)

摘　　要：对星洲红鱼(Red Tilapia)形态特征、染色体组型及细胞核DNA含量的研究结果表明:星洲红鱼体型侧扁,体色鲜红;星洲红鱼鳍式:背鳍ⅩⅥ～ⅩⅦ,12～14;胸鳍13～14;腹鳍Ⅰ,5;臀鳍Ⅲ,9～11星洲红鱼体被硬圆鳞,侧线鳞数28～30,上侧线鳞数21～23,下侧线鳞数14～16;采用PHA、秋水仙碱腹腔注射,活体培养法,取星洲红鱼肾细胞制成悬浮液,用空气干燥法制片,经Giemsa染色,镜检细胞分裂相,结果表明:星洲红鱼2n=44,染色体核型公式为6sm+4st+34t,臂数NF=50,染色体相对长度为1.58%～4.98%,具有一对特大染色体,未发现中部着丝粒染色体和异型染色体;取星洲红鱼血细胞,以鸡血细胞为DNA标准(2.50 pg/2c),使用EPICS.XL型流式细胞仪测定了血细胞细胞DNA含量为2.5354±0.1152。The morphological characteristics, chromosome karyotype and nuclear DNA contents of Red Tilapia were studied in this experiment, the results showed that Red Tilapia was short and high with red or orange stripe. Its fin-type ： Dorsal fin ⅩⅥ～ⅩⅦ, 12 - 14; Pectoral fin13 - 14; Abdomen fin Ⅰ , 5; Anal fin Ⅲ, 9 - 11. Lateral line scales of Red Tilapia： 28 -30, whose above lateral line scales 21 -23 and follow lateral line scales 14 -16. The metaphase chromosome of Red Tilapia was prepared from kidney by PHA and colchicine injection and air drying. The karyotype was analyzed. The results showed that there were 44 telocentric chromosomes in Red Tilapia with a large and long chromosome pair, and no metacentric chromosome pairs and heteromorphie chromosomes were found. Its karyotype was 2n = 6sm ＋ 4st ＋34t（NF =50）, which relative length of chromosome was 1.58% -4. 98%. Using DNA of chicken erythroeyte （2.50 pg/2c） as a standard, diploid nucleus DNA contents of Red Tilapia were measured from erythrocyte by flow eytometer（ EP- ICS-XL）. DNA content was （2. 5354 9 ±0. 1152）pg/2c.

关 键 词：星洲红鱼(Red Tilapia) 形态特征 染色体 核型 DNA含量 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] Q953.5[生物学—动物学]