酸化剂对草鱼生长和非特异性免疫能力的影响  

Effects of acidifiers on the growth performance and non-specific immunity of Ctenopharyngodon idellus

作　　者：尚卫敏[1] 朱根廷[1] 陈任孝[1] 孙玉轩[1] 钱前[1] 潘瑜[1] 王朝明[1] 罗莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科技学院,淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2011年第5期56-61,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院淡水生态与健康养殖重点实验室开放课题(2010FEA03019)

摘　　要：为考察不同类型酸化剂对草鱼生长及生理机能的影响,在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加0.21%磷酸、柠檬酸、乳酸和复合酸,饲养初始体重为(10.33±0.03)g草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)8周。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,饲料中添加0.21%柠檬酸、乳酸和复合酸均显著提高草鱼的增重率、特定生长率,降低饲料系数(P<0.05);(2)与对照组相比,饲料中添加酸化剂对草鱼全鱼营养成分和P、K、Na含量无显著影响(P>0.05),磷酸组Mg和Cu,柠檬酸组Mg、Mn、Fe和Cu,乳酸组Mg、Fe和Cu,复合酸组Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn含量显著提高(P<0.05);(3)饲料中添加酸化剂均显著提高草鱼肠道和肝胰脏蛋白酶活性,添加复合酸显著提高肠道和肝胰脏淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性,添加乳酸和柠檬酸显著提高肝胰脏脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性(P<0.05);(4)饲料中添加酸化剂显著提高草鱼血清超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和溶菌酶活性,添加乳酸和复合酸显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶活性,添加复合酸显著降低血清丙二醛含量(P<0.05)。结论:饲料中添加酸化剂能够促进草鱼生长,增强其消化、抗氧化和免疫能力,其中柠檬酸和乳酸效果优于磷酸,复合酸效果最好。A 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate effects of different dietary acid supplements on growth performanee, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidation and non-specific immunity of Ctenopharyngodon idellus （ average body weight was about （ 10. 33 ± 0. 03 ） g）. 5 test diets were applied for triplicate tanks and 30 fish was stocked randomly in each tank. No acid supplement was added in basal diet which was applied as control, 0. 21% of phosphoric acid, citric acid, lactic acid and composite acidifier were added in basal diet, respectively. （ 1 ） The results showed that the weight gain, specific growth rate were significantly higher and the feed conversion rate was significantly lower in fish fed diet with citric acid, lactic acid and composite aeidifier than those of fish fed basal diet（ P 〈 0. 05 ） , while no significant differences were observed in fish fed diet with phosphoric acid （P 〉 0. 05 ）. （2） No significant differences were observed in the whole body moisture, protein, lipid, ash and the contents of P, K, Na mineral elements （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. （ 3 ） The activities of digestive enzyme of intestine and hepatopanereas in fish fed diets with composite acidifier were significantly higher than that of fish fed basal diet（P 〈 0. 05 ）. Significantly higher activities of protease and amylase of intestine and hepatopancreas were observed in fish fed diet with citric acid than that of fish fed basal diet（P 〈0. 05）. （4） The serum activities of SOD and GSH-PX and LYS in fish fed diets with different acidifiers were significantly higher than that of fish fed basal diet（P 〈 0. 05 ）, while the activity of MDA was significantly lower in fish fed diets with composite aeidifier（P 〈 0. 05 ）. The activityof serum AKP in fish fed diets with lactic acid and composite acidifier was significantly improved（P 〈 0. 05）. The results indicated that different acidifiers in fish feed diets could improve the growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, a

关 键 词：酸化剂 草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus) 生长 消化酶 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]