医院门急诊就诊意外伤害儿童临床特征调查分析  

Analysis on clinical characteristics of children in outpatient department and emergent department because of unintentional injury

作　　者：彭利军[1] 田艳珍[2] 许景灿[2] 熊琼[2] 任小红[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院,湖南长沙410007 [2]中南大学护理学院

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2011年第35期5586-5589,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的:了解医院急诊就诊儿童意外伤害的临床特征和分布,探讨儿童意外伤害的危险因素。方法:采用现场问卷调查的方法,调查2009年7～10月来湖南省儿童医院门急诊就诊的意外伤害儿童,经筛选后收回资料完整问卷66份。结果:66例意外伤害儿童中,男童意外伤害发生构成比高于女童,比例为1.36∶1;医院急诊就诊意外伤害儿童病因顺位前3位为跌落、碰撞/硬物击伤、气管异物;常见的部位是头面部(62.1%);发生地点主要在家中(51.5%);意外伤害给家庭带来沉重的心理负担、经济负担和社会负担,其中心理负担最重。结论:充分了解儿童意外伤害的临床特征、相关危险因素、预防措施以优化医院急诊抢救措施,减少意外伤害后因抢救不力引起的致残、致死率。Objective：To understand the clinical characteristics and distribution of children in outpatient department and emergent department because of unintentional injury,explore the risk factors of unintentional injury among children. Methods：A field questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the children suffering from unintentional injury who went to outpatient department and emergent department of the hospital,66 integrated questionnaires were obtained after screening. Results：Among 66 children suffering from unintentional injury,the proportion of boys was higher than that of girls,the ratio was 1.36∶1.The top three causes of unintentional injury were falling,bumping/hitting by hard objects and foreign body in trachea;the common positions were head and face（62.1%）,and the injuries were mainly occurred at home（51.5%）.Unintentional injury subjected the families under heavy psychological stress,economic stress and social stress,especially psychological stress. Conclusion：Understanding the clinical characteristics,related risk factors,preventive measures of unintentional injury among children,optimizing emergent rescue measures may reduce the disability rate and mortality of children because of ineffective rescue after unintentional injury.

关 键 词：儿童 意外伤害 临床特征 

分 类 号：R720.597[医药卫生—急诊医学]