标准化粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗哮喘小鼠肺组织病理变化动态观察  

Dynamic pulmonary histopathological observation of mice with asthma treated with standardized dust mite vaccine

作　　者：刘晓宇[1] 闫浩[1] 朱清仙[2] 李荔[1] 刘志刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳大学过敏反应与免疫学研究所,广东深圳518060 [2]南昌大学医学院组织胚胎学教研室,江西南昌330006

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2011年第11期1234-1236,1247,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2006AA02A231);国家自然科学基金(30760082;81071388);粤港关键领域突破项目(20054982207);深圳市科技计划三新重点项目(200902);深圳大学科研创新团队基金(T200904)

摘　　要：目的对标准化粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗哮喘小鼠肺组织的病理变化进行观察,以进一步探讨标准化粉尘螨疫苗免疫治疗疗效。方法利用粉尘螨抗原建立哮喘小鼠模型,将32只小鼠分为4组:对照组、哮喘组、低剂量治疗组、高剂量治疗组。末次激发后24h,处死动物,取小鼠肺组织,分别固定、包埋和切片,用光镜、电镜观察肺组织病理变化。结果光镜下哮喘组相对于空白组,肺组织结构紊乱、充血以及水肿,有大量炎症细胞浸润;高剂量粉尘螨疫苗治疗组较哮喘组肺组织病理变化有明显改善,炎性细胞浸润显著减少,水肿较轻。而低剂量粉尘螨疫苗组肺组织仍可见明显炎性细胞浸润和病变,但较哮喘组病理变化为轻。电镜观察显示:哮喘组肺组织结构紊乱,有炎性细胞浸润,而高剂量粉尘螨疫苗治疗组Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型肺泡细胞结构基本正常、清晰。结论粉尘螨疫苗能有效减轻哮喘小鼠肺组织的病理变化,减少炎症细胞浸润,且高剂量粉尘螨疫苗较低剂量治疗疗效更为显著,为临床过敏性哮喘尘螨脱敏治疗奠定理论基础。Objective To observe the effect of standardized dust mite vaccine on bronchial and pulmonary morphology in asthmatic mice.Methods The murine model of asthma was established through subcutaneous injection of the dust mite antigen.33 mice were divided into four groups：blank group,asthma model group,low dose vaccine immunotherapy group and high dose vaccine immunotherapy group.After the mice were sacrificed,the inflammation cells in the BALF were counted and the pathological changes of the lung tissue under light microscopy and TEM were observed.Results The light microscopic result showed that compared with the blank group,in asthma group,the pulmonary tissue structure of mice was deranged（disordered） and gave the phenomenon of hyperemia,edema and infiltration of inflammation cells.Compared with the asthma model group,the pathological changes of high and low dose vaccine immunotherapy groups were both significantly improved,the number of infiltrated inflammatory cells was reduced,the pulmonary tissue structure was less integrity and edema was improved in both groups.The TEM result showed that the pulmonary tissue structure in both asthma model group and low dose immunotherapy group were deranged（disordered） accompanied by infiltration of inflammatory cells,in contrast,the distinct and normal structure of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ pulmonary alveolar cells were observed in high dose group.Conclusion Dust mite vaccine can effectively improve the pathological changes and reduce infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung of mice with asthma which may lay the theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and immunotherapy.

关 键 词：哮喘小鼠 粉尘螨疫苗 免疫治疗 病理变化 超微结构观察 

分 类 号：R392.8[医药卫生—免疫学]