辽宁风沙土区连作年限对花生光合特性和产量的影响  

Effects of Continuous Cropping on Yields and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Peanuts in Sandy Soil Region of Liaoning

作　　者：黄玉茜[1,2] 韩立思[3] 韩晓日[1,2] 战秀梅[1,2] 杨劲峰[1,2] 蒋增[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学辽宁省生物碳工程技术研究中心,沈阳110161 [3]南京农业大学资源环境科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2011年第4期438-442,共5页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(nycytx-19)

摘　　要：探讨不同连作年限对花生光合特性、干物质积累和产量的影响。大田条件下选取正茬、连作2,3,4年地块种植花生,于花针期、结荚期和成熟期测定花生光合特性指标和干物质积累量,成熟期测产。结果表明:在整个生育期内,随着连作年限的增加,花生叶片叶绿素相对含量、净光合速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度逐渐下降,其中连作4年花生的叶片叶绿素在成熟期比正茬花生降低了11.19%,而叶面积则呈现先下降后上升的趋势。连作4年花生植株百果重和百仁重最低,分别为135.73g和58.84g,连作3年产量最低,为172.29kg.hm-2。随着连作年限的增加,花生全株干物质积累在不同的生育时期内变化规律不尽相同,其中在花针期时各处理间差异达到显著水平。连作影响花生叶片的光合性能和有机物的积累,由于光合产物的积累对产量形成具有决定性作用,因此连作影响光合作用进而导致产量下降。The research aimed to explore the effects of the continuous cropping soil on the photosynthesis characteristics,dry matter accumulation and yields of peanuts.Four experimental fields of one year,continuous cropping two years,three years and four years were planted peanuts,and the indexes of photosynthesis characteristics and dry matter accumulation were measured on the blossom,pot-setting and maturing stages.The results showed that the relative chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration decreased gradually with increasing the continuous cropping years in the whole growth period,whereas the leaf area took on the varying trend which rose first and went down subsequently.The peanuts leaf chlorophyll with continuous cropping four years at maturity was 11.19% lower than that of one year＇s.The pods weight and nuts weight of continuous cropping four years were the lowest,135.73g and 58.84g,respectively.The yields of continuous cropping there years was the lowest,172.29kg.With increasing the continuous cropping years the peanut plant dry matter accumulation in different growth stages was different,and significant differences between treatments were observed at blossom stage.It is concluded that the photosynthetic performances of the peanut leaves and the accumulation of organisms are affected by continuous cropping due to the results above.The accumulation of photosynthetic products has the key role to the yields,so the peanut yields are led to decrease by continuous cropping.

关 键 词：花生 连作 光合特性 产量 干物质积累 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]