基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值核算——以江苏盐城滨海湿地为例  

Estimation of ecosystem service values based on land use changes:A case study of Yancheng coastal wetlands

作　　者：周鑫[1,2] 左平[1] 滕厚峰[1] 邹欣庆[1] 陈浩 

机构地区：[1]南京大学海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210093 [2]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [3]江苏盐城国家级自然保护区,江苏盐城224333

出　　处：《海洋通报》2011年第6期656-661,共6页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40606025);国家海洋局908专项(908-ZC-Ⅱ-03);国家公益(农业)项目(200903001-1);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630535)

摘　　要：长三角一体化与江苏沿海开发上升为国家战略,使盐城滨海湿地面临空前的发展压力,如何正确认识滩涂的价值并加以合理利用是制定各项方针政策的前提。运用1987、1992、1997、2002、2007年共5个时相的Landsat数据来获得土地利用和景观的时空变化信息,综合运用直接市场价值法、间接市场价值法、替代成本法、Costanza成果参数法等计算了保护区8项生态服务价值的变化。结果表明,滨海湿地蕴涵巨大的生态服务价值,20年内的均值约为683亿元。其中原生湿地提供的价值最大,平均为人工湿地及非湿地价值的31倍。滨海湿地提供的间接使用价值是生态系统服务价值的主要贡献者,平均为直接使用价值的6.5倍。20年来,研究区生态服务价值先减后增再减,净损失了27.689亿元。保护区滨海湿地景观中以獐茅、碱蓬群落为代表的自然湿地的大幅减少和盐田、水产养殖池塘等人工湿地及农业用地等非湿地面积的显著增加,直接导致了近20年来直接使用价值的高速增长和间接使用价值、选择价值的持续下降。Yancheng coastal wetlands are facing unprecedented pressure because of the expansion of Yangtze River Delta and the national strategy of Jiangsu coastal exploitation. The paper used multi-methods to evaluate the economic values of the selected 8 ecosystem services based on land use changes, which were attracted from Landsat remote sensing data. Results showed that the total economic values were enormous, 68.3 billion RMB on average. Among them, the value of original wetlands made the greatest contribution. It was about 31 times the value of artificial wetlands and non-wetlands as a conservative estimation since most of bequest and existence values were not included. Indirect use values was about 6.5 times of direct use values. The total values varied with time and the net loss was 2.769 billion RMB in recent 20 years. There was an obvious degradation tendency of original wetlands shifting to other land uses for different economic benefits during 1987-2007, which contributed to the increase of the direct use values and the decline of indirect use values and optional values.

关 键 词：土地利用变化 生态系统服务 盐城滨海湿地 

分 类 号：P737.12[天文地球—海洋地质] X171[天文地球—海洋科学]