14例输入性登革热病例的流行病学及临床特点分析  

Clinical and epidemiological features of 14 imported cases with dengue fever

作　　者：段雪飞[1] 王晓杰[1] 郭晓笛[1] 凌伟[1] 钱芳[1] 李蕴铷[1] 田梅梅[1] 郭嘉祯[1] 范小玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院综合科,北京100015

出　　处：《中华实验和临床感染病杂志（电子版）》2011年第4期32-35,共4页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：北京市朝阳区艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病综合防治示范区建设研究(2009ZX10004-903);北京市科技计划资助北京重大传染病防控示范区建设研究(D08050703090903)

摘　　要：目的探讨本院近10年来收治的输入性登革热病例的流行病学特点及临床特征,为临床诊治提供依据。方法对本院2001～2010年收治的14例输入性登革热病例资料进行回顾性分析。结果 14例患者中,男性11例,女性3例,中位年龄31岁,其中10例患者为涉外公司商务人员;8例(57.1%)患者输入国为东南亚国家;11例(78.6%)发病于5～10月份;发病至确诊平均间隔9d。主要临床表现包括发热(100%)、头痛(71.4%)、肌痛(64.3%)、疲乏(57.1%)、皮疹(57.1%)、颜面前胸皮肤潮红(57.1%)、结膜充血(50.0%)、淋巴结肿大(35.7%)。实验室检查异常结果包括白细胞减少(78.6%)、血小板减少(71.4%)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高(50.0%)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶升高(78.6%)、肌酸激酶升高(42.8%)、血钾降低(50.0%)。所有病例均痊愈出院,平均住院天数为9.8d。结论随着国际商务交流和旅游机会增多,北京地区输入性登革热病例近年来显著增加。本组14例输入性登革热患者临床表现典型,预后良好,肝损伤及低血钾发生率较高。对于有疫区旅居史的不明原因发热者,应考虑登革热的可能并及时进行登革热抗体检测。Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of imported cases with dengue fever and provide the experience for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A retrospective analysis of 14 patients with a diagnosis of imported dengue fever from 2001 to 2010 was performed in Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University.Results The median age of 14 patients was 31 years old and 11 of them were male.Total of 10 cases were engaged in business and service abroad.About 57.1% dengue cases acquired their infection from Southeast Asian countries and the seasonality showed a peak（78.6%） from May to October.The average intervals from onset to diagnosis were 9 days.All of 14 patients occured hyperpyrexia,the other frequent complaints including headache（71.4%）,myalgia（64.3%） and fatigue（57.1%）.In physical examination,skin rash（57.1%）,erubescence（57.1%）,conjunctival congestion（50.0%） and lymphadenectasis（35.7%） can be found.Laboratory results showed leukopenia（78.6%）,thrombocytopenia（71.4%）,elevated serum levels of aminotransferase（ALT 50.0%,AST 78.6%）,elevated creatine kinase（42.8%） and hypokalemia（50.0%）.All patients were cured,with the average length of hospital stay as 9.8 days.Conclusions The data reveals a significant rise on imported cases with dengue fever in recent years in Beijing according to an increasing opportunities on business and travelling in dengue endemic areas.The clinical features of 14 cases reported were typical but with a higher incidence of liver injury and hypokalemia than previous reports.Dengue fever should be suspected in febrile patients who have a travel history to endemic areas.

关 键 词：登革热 流行病学特征 疾病特征 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]