早期干预对早产儿精神运动发育的影响  

The Effects of early intervention on premature infants

作　　者：常燕群[1] 柯海劲[1] 李贤英[1] 钟青 徐宁[1] 杨杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院,广州510010 [2]广州市中西医结合医院

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2012年第1期69-70,65,共3页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

基　　金：广东省科技厅资助项目(项目编号:2007B031500009)

摘　　要：目的探讨早期干预对早产儿体格、智能发育及运动发育的影响,寻找更合理的治疗流程。方法将183例早产儿列入本研究中,其中111例早产儿除接受一般育儿指导外,均进行早产儿早期干预,为干预组。72例因各种原因仅接受一般育儿指导和定期复查,为未干预组。干预组按0～2岁早期干预大纲[1]进行早期系统干预,均由同一组治疗师进行,专人进行体格发育、神经系统检查、发育商测定等。结果干预组与未干预组患儿在12月、18月时身长、体重、头围比较,差异均无显著性(P均>0.05);智力发育指数(MDI)比较:6月龄时,干预组比非干预组高4.5分,差异无显著性(P>0.05);12月龄、18月龄时干预组比未干预组分别高6.3分和7.4分,差异均有显著性(P均<0.05)。运动发育指数(PDI)比较,6月龄、12月龄、18月龄时干预组较未干预组分别高8.3分、9.3分、和11.3分,差异均有显著性(P均<0.05)。干预组脑性瘫痪、智力低下、运动低下的发生率都较未干预组低,差异均有显著性(P均<0.05)。结论早期系统干预早产儿可促进其智力和运动发育,减少脑瘫、智力低下、运动低下的发生率,应及早对早产儿进行早期系统干预治疗,提高早产儿的远期生存质量。Objective： To study the effects of early intervention on premature infants.Methods： In 183 preterm infants,111 preterm infants were received in the treated group,and 72 patients were received in the control group,respectively.The physical and neurological conditions,Vojta posture reflex and intelligence test（Bayley） were studied.The treated group was gived early intervention methods included Bobath therapy,neurodevelopmental therapy and other methods,and the control group only received health introduction.Results：（1） Intelligence development： At six month the mental development index（MDI） and psychomotive development index（PDI） in treated group showed 4.5 scores higher than those in control group,there were no significant difference,P0.05.At 12 and 18 month treated group got 6.3 and 7.4 scores higher than that of control group,there were significant differences between two groups,P0.05.At six,twelve,and eighteen month the psychomotive development index（PDI） in treated group showed 8.3,9.3,11.3 scores higher than those in control group,there were significant differences,P0.05.（2） In treated group,the incidence of cerebral palsy and mental retardation and disability are lower than that of control group.Conclusion： The application of early intervention methods could improve the prognosis of primature infant.The early intervention might reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy,mental retardation and disability.

关 键 词：早产儿 早期干预 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]