环境减灾卫星高光谱数据在减灾中的应用研究  

Application of HJ-1A Hyperspectral Data to the Disaster Reduction

作　　者：和海霞 杨思全 陈伟涛[2] 黄河 崔燕 谢湘平[3] 

机构地区：[1]民政部国家减灾中心,北京100124 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)国家遥感中心地壳运动与深空探测部/生物地质与环境地质教育部重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《航天器工程》2011年第6期118-125,共8页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：科技部科技支撑计划(2008BAK50B08;2008BAK52B02;2008BAK52B05)

摘　　要：利用中国环境减灾-1A(HJ-1A)卫星高光谱数据开展减灾应用研究,可提高灾害预警监测能力,提高灾害预警监测精度,拓展国产星载高光谱数据应用的广度和深度。文章简要介绍了HJ-1A高光谱数据的主要特征,阐述了高光谱灾害监测的原理,初步开展了该数据在减灾领域中的应用研究,并展望了HJ-1A高光谱数据在区域土壤有机碳估算等其他行业的应用潜力。结果表明:HJ-1A高光谱数据能够满足干旱、火灾、洪涝、低温雨雪冰冻灾害、地质灾害、生物灾害等主要灾害类型预警、监测和评估需要。针对HJ-1A高光谱数据应用过程中存在的幅宽窄、速度慢和工程化应用水平低等问题,提出了建议:一是完善后续星数据指标;二是改进高光谱成像仪(HSI)大气纠正等数据处理方法;三是构建面向灾害领域的地物光谱库。The capacity and accuracy of the disaster early warning and monitoring capabilities can be improved by the research on the disaster reduction using Chinese HJ-1A hyperspectral data.At the same time,the scope of the domestic satellite hyperspectral data applications can be expanded.The parameters of HJ-1A hyperspectral data are introduced and the principles of disasters monitoring using hyperspectral data are elaborated in this paper.Then the application status and potential of HJ-1A hyperspectral data are analyzed and evaluated in the field of disaster reduction.The results indicate that HSI data can meet the need in the early warning and monitoring of the drought,flood,snow and ice hazards,geological hazards and biological hazards. Finally,the pressing problems in the processing of HJ-1A hyperspectral data are pointed out.The first problem is to improve the data parameters,the second is to improve the data progressing procedure,and the third is to build the spectra library.

关 键 词：环境减灾-1A卫星 高光谱 灾害监测 高光谱成像仪 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]