巢湖流域不同施肥措施下稻田氮磷流失特征与产量研究  

Study of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Losses and Yield of Rice in Different Fertilizations of Chaohu Lake Basin

作　　者：汪丽婷[1] 马友华[1] 储茵[1] 张丽娟[1] 朱小红[1] 孙丽[1] 胡鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省巢湖市居巢区农业技术推广中心,安徽巢湖238000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第5期40-43,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07103-002);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B06)

摘　　要：为了减少巢湖流域的农业非点源污染,保护农业生态环境,寻求高产稳产和环境友好的最佳结合点,研究了巢湖流域3种施肥措施大田示范条件下水稻田地表径流氮磷流失和排水沟渠水质特征及水稻产量情况。结果表明:减量化施肥的地表径流总氮(TN)浓度比常规施肥的低23%,总磷(TP)浓度低16%;减量化施肥沟渠的TN浓度比常规施肥的低38%,总P低49%。优化施肥的地表径流TN浓度比常规施肥的低13%,TP浓度低约3%;优化施肥的沟渠TN浓度比常规施肥的低26%,TP浓度低7%。优化施肥的产量最高,减量化与常规施肥的产量差异不显著。在巢湖流域优化施肥和减量化施肥技术是值得推广的水稻大田示范施肥技术。Nitrogen and phosphorus loss through surface runoff from paddy fields around Chaohu lake plus water quality in related drainage ditches and rice yields of these fields were studied in order to find practical management measures which will reduce non-point source pollution from agricultural fields and at the same time keep good crop yields.Three different fertilizations were considered in the demonstration fields： Reduction fertilizer（RF）,optimization fertilizer（OF） and conventional fertilizer（CF）.The results showed that total nitrogen（TN） and total phosphorus（TP） concentrations from RF fields runoff were respectively 23% and 16% lower than that from CF fields.TN and TP levels of water in the ditches draining RF fields were 38% and 49% lower than that in the ditches draining CF fields,respectively.TN and TP concentrations from OF fields runoff were 13% and 3% lower than that from CF fields.TN and TP levels of water in the ditches draining OF fields were 26% and 7% lower than that in the ditches draining CF fields,respectively.Rice yield from OF fields was the highest,difference of yields from RF fields and CF fields was not significant.So,optimization fertilizer and reduction fertilizer were technologies worth promoting in Chaohu lake basin.

关 键 词：巢湖流域 减量化施肥 优化施肥 大田示范 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学] S147.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]