污泥堆肥过程中的理化性质及微生物学特性  

Physicochemical Properties and Microbiological Characteristics of Sewage Sludge Compost

作　　者：刘善江[1] 陈桂梅[1] 夏雪[1] 邹国元[1] 卯丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第5期89-93,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新专项"农产品质量与农田环境基础数据平台建设"

摘　　要：为寻求经济与环保的方式解决当前城市污泥的排放出路,促进污泥无害化及资源化利用,以期筛选出高效优质的有机肥料配方,并符合现行的有机肥料行业标准NY 525-2002。研究根据污泥的特性和当地条件选择合适的调理剂(如树枝、草炭、糠醛渣、畜禽粪便等)进行配比,通过静态堆置发酵技术,研究污泥堆肥过程中一些理化性质和微生物学特性动态变化。结果表明:经过42d的堆肥发酵,5个处理均达到腐熟,处理2、处理3配方合理,既可更多地消化污泥,又可得到养分含量较高的产品,符合现行的有机肥料行业标准NY 525-2002;堆肥过程中细菌较放线菌和真菌高出2～3个数量级,且细菌增长速度较另外2种菌快,细菌总数在第3天达到最高,真菌和放线菌相对滞后,在第7天总数达到最高,微生物数量的变化也反映着污泥堆肥的腐熟度。In order to seek for the ways of emission of sewage sludge by economic and environmental methods,promote the harmless and resource utilization of sludge,filter out high quality organic fertilizer formula and consistent with industry standards NY 525-2002.Selecting suitable conditioner according to feature of sludge and local condition,the dynamic change of physicochemical properties and microbiological characteristics during the composting process were studied.The results showed that all treatment reached maturity,treatment 2,3 were better than the others,and the product quality was consistent with industry standards NY 525-2002.As a whole,the number of fungi and actinomyces were low whereas that of bacteria was much higher,about 2~3 magnitude.The number of bacteria reached the peak at the 3rd day.The number of fungi and actinomyces,relatively backward,reached the peak at the 7th day.Variation of amount of microorganism also reflected maturity of sewage sludge compost.

关 键 词：污泥堆肥 理化性质 微生物 腐熟度 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] S153[农业科学—农业基础科学]