尿素施用量对道地药材滁菊土壤微生物活性的影响  

Effects of Urea Fertilizer Application on Soil Microbial Activity of Chuzhou Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat

作　　者：肖新[1] 李英峰[1] 韩贻涛[1] 陈世勇[1] 史亚东 俞浩[1] 汪建飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院城建与环境学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]安徽菊泰滁菊草本科技有限公司,安徽滁州239000

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第5期99-102,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技人员服务企业行动项目(2009GJC30034);国家星火计划项目(2010GA710083);安徽省青年科学基金项目(10040606Q13)

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究不同尿素施用量对道地药材滁菊土壤微生物数量、土壤酶活性和土壤微生物量碳、氮和产量的影响。结果表明,随着尿素施用量的提高,土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌和土壤过氧化氢酶、蛋白酶、脲酶呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,以N1(225kg N/hm2)或N2(450kg N/hm2)处理的酶活性较高,N3(675kg N/hm2)处理的酶活性略有降低;磷酸酶活性则呈上升趋势,以N3(675kg N/hm2)处理的脲酶活性最大。就土壤微生物量而言,土壤微生物C和土壤微生物N随施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,尤其以土壤微生物N变化较为明显。表明适宜尿素施用量有益于滁菊根际微生物酶活性和土壤微生物量的提高,施用量过高则微生物量和酶活性下降。Urea is the most popular N fertilizer used in China.Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application on the quantity of microorganisms,activity of enzymes and yield of Chuzhou Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.Results showed that urea application had significant effects on the quantity of microorganisms and activity of enzymes.Change of soil bacterium,fungus,actinomycete and soil enzyme activity of protease,catalase,urease showed a single-peaked curve,respectively with the increase of urea application rate.Enzymes activity were higher in treatment N1（225 kg N/hm2） and N2（450 kg N/hm2）,while in treatment N3（675 kg N/hm2） the activity decreased appreciably.Larger amounts of urea decreased their activities.Phosphatase activity increased with increasing urea rate and maximum activity of urease activity was observed with treatment N3（675 kg N/hm2）.Change of soil microorganism C and N population showed a single-peaked curve with the increase of urea application rate,obvious change occurring with soil microorganism N especially.The results suggested optimal urea application rate would lead to increase the quantity of microbes and enzymes activity in Chuzhou Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat rhizosphere.

关 键 词：尿素 土壤酶活性 土壤微生物量 滁菊根际 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]