菜地土壤铅、镉有效态与生物有效性研究  

Study on the Available and Bioavailability of Lead and Cadmium in Soil of Vegetable Plantation

作　　者：袁波[1] 傅瓦利[1] 蓝家程[1] 张婷[1] 彭景涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆北碚400715

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2011年第5期130-134,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：重庆市移民局课题项目(200909)

摘　　要：通过野外采样、室内测试分析,探讨重庆市北碚区菜地土壤铅、镉的有效态含量及生物有效性。结果表明:研究区菜地土壤铅、镉有效态平均含量为3.114,0.051mg/kg,生物有效性系数分别为7.7%,25.1%;小白菜可食部分铅、镉平均含量分别为0.123,0.021mg/kg,富集系数分别为0.4%,9.8%;从富集系数和生物有效性系数看,研究区菜地土壤镉的潜在生态风险要大于铅的。研究区菜地土壤理化性质中pH对有效态镉有显著影响;砂粒、粘粒和有机质对有效态铅含量有显著影响;铅、镉有效态与全量变化一致,全量是有效态含量的主要影响因素;土壤类型对铅、镉有效态含量有影响;在人类活动中交通对有效态铅含量有影响,肥料的施用对有效态镉含量有影响。菜地土壤中铅、镉有效态含量与小白菜可食部分铅、镉的含量相关性优于全量的,用土壤中铅、镉的有效态表征铅、镉的生态风险更准确。Through field sampling and test in lab.,the contents of available and bioavailability of lead and cadmium in soil of vegetable plantation in Beibei district of Chongqing were analyzed.The results showed that： In the study area,the average contents of the available of lead and cadmium were 3.114,0.051 mg/kg of vegetable plantation,the biological validity coefficients were 7.7%,25.1%;The average contents of the lead,cadmium in cabbage edible part was 0.123,0.021 mg/kg,the enrichment indexes were 0.4%,9.8%;from the enrichment and the bioavailability indexes,the potential ecological risk of cadmium was larger than the lead in soil of vegetable plantation.In study area,the soil properties of pH affected on the available of cadmium in significant;and the clay and organic matter affected on the available of lead in significant;the available of lead and cadmium with the total change of the same,full amount was available contents of the main effects factors;The type of soil also affected the available contents of the lead and cadmium;and traffic affected the available contents of lead and application of fertilizers affected the available contents of cadmium in human activities.The correlation between the available of lead,cadmium in soil of vegetable plantation and cabbage edible parts of lead,cadmium was better than the whole amount of lead,cadmium in soil,making the contents of available of lead,cadmium indicate the ecological risk was more accurately.

关 键 词：菜地土壤 铅、镉有效态 生物有效性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]