地塞米松预处理导管对PICC所致静脉炎的预防作用  

Dipping the catheters in dexamethasone solution to prevent PICC-associated phlebitis

作　　者：陈桂英[1] 王惠琴[1] 林丹妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第二医院护理部,杭州市310009

出　　处：《中华护理杂志》2012年第1期6-9,共4页Chinese Journal of Nursing

基　　金：浙江省教育厅课题(编号:Y201122350)

摘　　要：目的探讨地塞米松溶液预处理导管对PICC所致静脉炎的预防作用。方法选择873例置入PICC的住院患者,采用随机数字表法分成试验组441例和对照组432例。两组均用标准操作程序置入PICC,在预处理导管时试验组使用0.125mg/ml地塞米松溶液40ml,浸泡时间≥3min;对照组使用40ml生理盐水,浸泡时间≥3min。比较两组静脉炎的发生率、发生时间、严重程度和其他早期并发症等指标。结果试验组静脉炎的发生率为6.3%,对照组为13.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组有67.8%的静脉炎发生在置管后25～72h,对照组为67.3%;两组其他并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义。结论 PICC所致静脉炎多发生在置管后25～72h,地塞米松浸泡导管对PICC所致静脉炎有预防作用。Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of dexamethasone solution on PICC-associated phlebitis. Methods A randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. Totally 873 hospitalized patients receiving peripherally inserted central catheter（PICC） were randomly divided into two groups. The patients in both groups were inserted PICC by standard procedure. The catheters in the experimental group were dipped in 40 ml 0.125 mg/ml dexamethasone sodium phos- phate for more than 3 minutes. The catheters in the control group were dipped in 40 ml normal saline for more than 3 minutes. The incidence,occurring time and severity of phlebitis as well as other complications were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of phlebitis in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group（6.3 percent vs. 13.4 percent,P〈0.05）. The proportion of phlebitis occurred in 25-72 hours after catheterization in the experimental group and control group accounted for 67.8 percent and 67.3 percent,respectively. Conclusion Most of the PICC-assoeiated phlebitis occurred in 25-72 hours after inserting the catheter. Dipping the catheters in the dexamethasone solution before inserting can reduce the incidence of PICC-associated phlebitis.

关 键 词：导管插入术 外周 地塞米松 静脉炎 

分 类 号：R472[医药卫生—护理学]