不同滴灌方式对棉田土壤盐分的影响  

Effect of drip fertigation on soil salinity of cotton field in Northwest China

作　　者：宰松梅[1] 仵峰[1] 温季[1] 韩启彪[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《水利学报》2011年第12期1496-1503,共8页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2006AA100213);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2009GB23320465)

摘　　要：采用田间抽样调查分析的方法,研究了不同滴灌方式对新疆棉田土壤盐分的影响。结果表明,采用滴灌施肥8年后,0～100cm土体土壤总盐平均质量分数膜下滴灌比地下滴灌高10.98%;在20cm以上土层,土壤总盐平均质量分数地下滴灌比膜下滴灌高出23.35%;在60～100cm土层,土壤总盐平均质量分数膜下滴灌比地下滴灌高出85.99%。造成不同灌溉方式下土壤总盐质量分数差异的主要离子为Cl-和Na+。膜下滴灌条件下,土壤Cl-和Na+的质量分数较高。试验区采用地下滴灌时,应防止地表盐分的积累,同时,应结合喷灌或地面灌溉,解决棉花苗期的土壤水和盐的问题。The method of field sampling and analysis was adopted to study the effect of different drip fertigation on soil salinity in cotton field in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The results show that the average total soil salinity in depth ranging from 0 to 100cm under the condition of mulched drip fertiga- tion is 10.98% higher than that of subsurface drip irrigation, after 8 years fertilization by drip irrigation. The average total soil salinity in the shallow layers （above 20cm） is 23.35% higher, while it is 85.99% lower in the deep layers （60-100cm） for subsurface drip irrigation, compared with mulched drip fertigation. The major salt ions which cause the difference of total soil salinity between two irrigation methods are regarded as Cl- and Na＋. Sprinkler and surface irrigation should be adopted to combined with drip irrigation for preventing the surface accumulation of soil salinity.

关 键 词：棉田 地下滴灌 膜下滴灌 土壤盐分 盐分离子 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]