连作对植烟土壤有机碳和酶活性的影响及其与土传病害的关系  

Effect of continuous cropping on tobacco soil organic carbon,enzyme activities,and its relationship with soil-borne diseases

作　　者：何川[1] 刘国顺[1] 李祖良[1] 乔保明[2] 董宁禹[2] 蒋士君[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南农业大学植物保护学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2011年第6期701-705,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：重庆市烟草公司科技攻关项目(2008YY01009);河南省烟草公司科技攻关项目(HYKJ200814)

摘　　要：对分别采自河南、重庆连作1～5 a的烟田土壤的淀粉酶、蔗糖酶、纤维素酶活性和有机碳含量变化进行了测定.结果表明,在连作年限为1～5 a条件下,其土壤酶活性和有机碳含量在不同年限间具有显著变化.随着连作年限的延长,土壤酶活性和有机碳含量总体趋势均表现为先升高后降低,其中连作2～3 a时,土壤有机碳含量、土壤淀粉酶、蔗糖酶和纤维素分解酶活性值均高于连作1 a时,甚至出现最大峰值,但在连作3 a以上时,以上4个指标的活性值显著下降,且明显低于连作1 a.结果还表明,随着连作年限的延长,烟草青枯病和黑胫病加重,病情指数与土壤有机碳量、土壤淀粉酶、蔗糖酶、纤维素酶活性呈负相关.Soil samples were collected from continuous cropping 1 - 5 years tobacco fields in Henan and Chongqing. And the soil amylase, sucrase, peetase cellulase activities and the soil organic carbon （SOC） content were determined, respectively. The results indicated that on the condition of continu- ous cropping 1 - 5 years, the soil enzyme activities und SOC content changed significantly. Meantime, the activities of soil amylase, sucrase and pectase cellulase and SOC content increased and then decreased to a lower level, and showed a summit at 2 - 3 continuous cropping years, but the above 4 index decreased significantly over 3 years and were obviously lower than those of the 1 year cropping. The obtained results revealed that the disease index of tobacco bacterial wilt and tobacco black shank were higher as a longer continuous cropping years. The results also indicated that there existed a negative relationship between the disease index and SOC content, activities of soil amylase, sucrase, and peetase cellulase as a whole.

关 键 词：连作 植烟土壤 土壤酶 土壤有机碳 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]