数控铣床几何误差测量与反向间隙补偿试验  

Experimental of Geometric Error Measurement and Backlash Compensation of CNC Milling Machine

作　　者：申晓龙[1] 胡佳英[1] 张明军[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业职业技术学院,长沙410208 [2]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《科技导报》2011年第35期68-73,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：湖南省科技厅科技计划项目(2011GK3090);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(11C0448);湖南工业职业技术学院自然科学科研项目(GYKYZ201004)

摘　　要：研究数控铣床几何误差检测及其补偿技术,对高速数控铣床工作空间中的平面误差场的检测、建模和补偿技术进行了比较系统和深入的探讨。对几何误差的基本特性,在单轴轴向运用高精度的HEIDENHAIN直线光栅进行了试验验证。结果表明,在满足基本测试条件下,误差的基本特性成立,这为提供新的误差测量方法打下了基础;针对数控铣床运动过程中的反向间隙,提出了插补运动综合几何误差的间隙补偿技术和算法,数据处理后的测量结果显示反向间隙可以很好地得到补偿。Generally, the geometric error of CNC milling machine has a great effect on the synthetical precision of a machine tool. In this paper, the measuring and compensating technologies of the geometric error of CNC milling machine were investigated. The measurement, model and compensation of the plane error field in the working space of high-speed CNC milling machine were discussed systematically. The basic feature of the geometric error was verified by using the high accuracy linear grating along the single axial direction experimentally. Following, the backlash compensation algorithm of the synthetical geometric error of interpolation movement and the evaluation system of position accuracy were proposed for the backlash during CNC milling machine processing. The result indicates that the basic feature of error is established and provides a basis for putting forward the new error measurement method under the essential measuring condition. The backlash could be well compensated.

关 键 词：数控铣床 几何误差 反向间隙 定位误差 检测与补偿 

分 类 号：TG547[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]