基于房产空间数据的楼宇空间疏散路径建模研究  

Estate Spatial Data Based Building Space Modeling for the Evacuation Route

作　　者：温永宁[1,2] 张红平[1,3] 闾国年[1] 张宏[1] 陶虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210046 [2]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,武汉430079 [3]国家基础地理信息中心,北京100830

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2011年第6期788-796,共9页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目"面向地理问题求解的分布式地理建模环境研究"(40730527);国家自然科学基金项目"像素无损的矢量地理数据高效传输机制研究"(41001223);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目子课题项目"面向户外导盲的城市空间建模及关键算法研究"

摘　　要：紧急情况下人员快速、安全疏散是室内空间智能化导航和路径规划服务的研究热点。本文采用房产空间管理数据为数据源,以"路径"和"节点"为关键要素,设计了楼宇空间路径模型,用以表达楼宇内部的空间关系及拓扑结构。基于此模型进一步研究了用于紧急疏散的楼宇路径构建算法,论述了构建"单楼层"和"多楼层"路径过程中走廊(过道)路径提取、房间结点融合、楼宇三维路径模型构建等关键技术。最后设计了原型系统,集成寻径算法,验证了楼宇空间疏散路径建模的实用性。The complex internal structure of modern architecture（especially buildings） which results in difficulty in fast and safe evacuation is a hotspot of indoor space intelligent navigation and path planning services currently.Based on the analysis of building data features and existing data resources,this article firstly explained the reason why it is better to choose estate spatial management data as the source.Then,an applicable building construction modeling method for emergency evacuation was developed as a foundation by establishing the mapping relationship between geographic entities and their topological expression.The data model uses ＂node＂ and ＂path＂ to express the spatial relationships and topology structure of building components,and each space entities（e.g.,room,corridor） composing of the evacuating route were mapped into the ＂node＂ or ＂path＂ in the data model.After that,the whole process of modeling space route in buildings was addressed by two key steps： 1） the single floor route models were modeled,and were used to express the inner route of each floor;2） the single floor route models were connected and the multi-floors route models were generated to express the inner route of whole building.Furthermore,some key methods including path extraction of corridor using Delaunay triangulation algorithm with constrained edge,fusion of room nodes（including elevator room,cubicle,etc.） into the ＇path＇,and three-dimensional route model construction from single floor to multi-floors,which were used to modeling space route,were illustrated in details.Finally,a prototype system was constructed and the New City Square in Long Jiang area,Nanjing was chosen as a case of study,and the whole building space was constructed according to the modeling method mentioned above.By integrating of the existing path-finding algorithm which named Dijkstra algorithm,the practicality of this modeling method is verified,which shows that the building space modeling method based on estate spatial data

关 键 词：房产空间数据 楼宇空间 疏散路径建模 

分 类 号：TU984.116[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]